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Acute Pyelonephritis (Nursing Management (Bed rest until symptoms have…
Acute Pyelonephritis
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Health Education
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Perineal Hygiene
Female patients must clean the perineal area from front to back to avoid infection by E.Colli.
Male patients should clean and dry the penis after passing urine
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Medication Patient should take diuretics,anti inflamatory and anti biotic medication as prescribed
Risk Factors
Acute
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people with suppressed immune systems, such as people with diabetes, HIV/AIDS, or cancer
people with vesicoureteral reflux (a condition where small amounts of urine back up from the bladder into the ureters and kidneys)
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Chronic
More common in people with urinary obstructions. These can be caused by UTIs, vesicoureteral reflux, or anatomical anomalies.
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Classification
Acute
Sudden and severe kidney infection. It causes the kidneys to swell and may permanently damage them. Pyelonephritis can be life-threatening.
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Definition
Bacterial infection and inflammation of the renal pelvis tubules and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys.Can be caused by upward spread of bacteria from the badder or spread from systematic sources of infection.
Causes
The infection usually starts in the lower urinary tract as a urinary tract infection (UTI). Bacteria enter the body through the urethra and begin to multiply and spread up to the bladder. From there, the bacteria travel through the ureters to the kidneys.
Bacteria such as E. coli often cause the infection. However, any serious infection in the bloodstream can also spread to the kidneys and cause acute pyelonephritis.
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Surgical Management
Recurrent kidney infections may result from an underlying medical problem. In those cases, surgery may be required to remove any obstructions or to correct any structural problems in the kidneys. Surgery may also be necessary to drain an abscess that doesn’t respond to antibiotics.
In cases of severe infection, a nephrectomy may be necessary. In this procedure, a surgeon removes part of the kidney.
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Pathophysiology
Acute pyelonephritis results from bacterial invasion of the renal parenchyma. Bacteria usually reach the kidney by ascending from the lower urinary tract
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