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Pharm CH41 Antihyperlipidemics and Peripheral Vasodilators (Types of…
Pharm CH41 Antihyperlipidemics and Peripheral Vasodilators
Lipoproteins
Major categories
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (“good”)
Removes cholesterol from blood
Transports cholesterol to liver for elimination
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (“bad”)
Contains higher percent of cholesterol
Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Contains mostly triglycerides, less cholesterol
Chylomicrons
Contain mostly triglycerides
Transport fatty acids and cholesterol to liver
Types of antilipidemics
Bile-acid sequestrants
Action
Reduce LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels by binding with bile acids in the intestine
SE: Constipation, flatulence, cramping
Fibrates (fibric acid)
Action
Reduces triglycerides and VLDL
Contraindicated with anticoagulants :red_cross:
Nicotinic acid
SE: GI distress, flushing, hepatic dysfunction
Hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia
Large doses required
Cholesterol absorption inhibitor
Action
Acts on the cells in the small intestine to inhibit cholesterol absorption
Must be combined with a statin for optimum effect
(statins)
Action
Inhibit the enzyme HMG CoA reductase in cholesterol biosynthesis
Decreases LDLs, increases HDLs
SE/AE
GI distress, constipation, muscle cramps, fatigue
Cataracts, liver impairment
Abrupt discontinuation may lead to rebound effect
:warning: