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Classification of skills (Environmenal influence (Skills are either…
Classification of skills
Difficulty of skills
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Complex skills: Slip catch in cricket, or a pass by a midfielder in hockey who has to make lots of decisions before she passes
Simple skills: A spirt start in swimming, for example, where there are very few decisions to be made.
Environmenal influence
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Open skills are affected by the environment (not the weather) and have to be adapted to the current situation. For example a pass in football.
Closed skills are not effected by the environment (not the weather) and are predominantly habitual. Movements follow a set pattern and have a definite beginning and end. An example of a closed skill could be a free throw in basketball.
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Pacing
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Self paced skills are when the performer controls the rate at which the skill is executed. Self paced skills are usually closed skills. An example of a self paced skill is a javelin throw.
An externally paced skill is when the environment, which may include your opponent, controls the rat of performing the skill. This usually also an open skill and an example could be a receiving serve in badminton.
Muscular involvement
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Gross skills involve large muscle movements. These skills are not very precise and often include waking or jumping. An example of a gross skill could be the shot-put
Fine skills involve more intricate movements using small muscle groups. These skills need to be precise and often require a high degree of hand eye coordination. An example of a fine skill could be a snooker shot.
Continuity
Skills are either discrete, serial or continuous
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Serial skills are better taught by breaking them down into sub-routines. Each sub-routine can then be learned fully before the skill is practiced as a whole.
Continuous skills are more effectively practised as a whole so that the kinaesthetic sense of the movement can be retained and the performer can feel the 'true nature' of the skill.
Organisation
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A high organisation skill is a skill that is difficult the separate into subroutines such as dribbling the ball in basketball.
A low organisation skill is a skill that is easily to separate into subroutines such as a tennis serve.