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Asexual Reproduction (Fission (Unicellular organisms multiply by cell…
Asexual Reproduction
Fission
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Eg: Bacteria, Protozoa, Amoeba, Leishmania (that causes kala azar)
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Fragmentation
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Eg: Spirogyra breaks up into smaller pieces when it is mature and the pieces grow into mature adults
Many multicellular organisms are not just collection of cells - they form tissues and organs and hence need more complex ways of reproduction
Regeneration
When some organisms are cut into pieces, many of these pieces can regenerate into separate individuals
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Eg: Planaria (a type of flat worm), Hydra
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Budding
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In Hydra, a bud develops at a particular site due to repeated cell division
These develop and when mature, detach from the parent body and become an independent individual
Vegetative Propagation
In many plants, parts such as root, stem, leaves develop into new plants. This is called vegetative propagation
Adv1: Plants produced by vegetative propagation can produce flowers & fruits earlier than those produced by seeds
Eg: to produce banana, orange, grapes, sugarcane, rose, jasmine which have lost their capacity to produce seeds
Adv2: All plants produced by vegetative propagation are genetically similar to the parent plant & have the same characteristics
Eg2: Buds produced along the margin of the bryophyllum fall off on the soil & develop into new plants
Spore Formation
In this method, structures called sporangia produces spores
The spores are covered by thick walls that protect them till them come in contact with a moist surface & begin to grow
Eg: bread mould or rhizopus - the thread like structures that are seen on the bread are hyphae but it is not the reproductive part
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