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levels of organisation (cellular (cytoplasm (ribosomes, mitochondria),…

- - - - protons (+)
        
        atomic number
        identity
      - neutrons (0) # : :question: :
        
        neutrons + protons = atomic mass
        
        isotopes
      - electrons (-)
        
        ions
    - - two or more atoms joined by a chemical bond
        
        ionic bond
        
        covalent bond
        
        polar
        
        hydrogen bonds
        
        non-polar
      - inorganic
      - organic
        
        biomolecules
        
        proteins #
        
        amino acids
        
        folded shape #
        
        enzymes
        
        catalyse reactions
        
        lipids
        
        fatty acids and glycerol #
        
        energy storage
        
        insulation
        
        cell membrane
        
        nucleic acids # #
        
        nucleotides
        
        carbohydrates
        
        monosaccharides #
        
        glucose = main energy
        
        converted to glycogen for short-term storage
- - - - codes for proteins
        
        protein synthesis
        
        RNA
        
        phosphate
        
        sugar (ribose)
        
        base (A-U, C-G)
        
        three kinds
        
        mRNA (transcription)
        
        tRNA (translation)
        
        rRNA #
      - nucleotides
        
        phosphate
        
        sugar (deoxyribose)
        
        base (A-T, C-G)
      - double helix
        
        complementary base pairing # #