Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Energy Metabolism: Respiration (Types of Respiration (Aerobic Respiration,…
Energy Metabolism: Respiration
Types of Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
Glycolysis
Aerobic Respiration
Glycolysis
produces ATP and NADH with oxygen present, electron carries oxidize back to NAD+
The Citric Acid Cycle
Chemiosmotic Phosphorylation
Phosporylation: Conversion of ADP to ATP
Chemiosmosis: production of ATP
Heat Generating Respiration
"Thermogenic Respiration"
No proton gradient and no chemiosmotic production of ATP
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
Transforms glucose into erythrose and ribose
Respiration of Lipids
Catabolic Metabolism
Glycerol
3 Triglycerides
2 Phospholipids
Photorespiration
O2 replaces CO2 in nonproductive reaction
Environmental and Internal factors
Temperature
Increase between 5C and 25C doubles the respiration rate
Lack of Oxygen
O2 concentration 1%-2%
O2 not produced at night, diffused into large intercellular spaces
Internal Regulation
Active metabolism have higher levels of aerobic respiration
Respiration is the source of ATP for all parts of a cell other than chloroplast
Total Energy Yield of Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
2 ATP -> 2 ATP
Aerobic Respiration
Glycolysis
4 to 6 ATP
Pyruvate/acetylCoA
6 ATP
Citric Acid Cycle
4 ATP
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
2 to 6 NADPH -> 0 to 12 ATP
Heat-Generating Respiration
None
Lipid Respiration
Variable
Photorespiration
None
Fermentation of Alcoholic Beverages
Beer
Cereal Grains
Barley
Wheat
Corn
Rice
Light beers are fewer calories
Wine
Fermented Fruit Juice
Fermentation continues as long as sugar is present and the concentration of ethanol has not reached lethal level of 18%-20%
Dry wine is when all sugar has been fermented
Fermentation vats have valves that allow carbon dioxide to escape
Spirits
Alcohol content above 20%
Grain based fermentation
whiskey
vodka
gin
Warnings
Benefits
2 drinks lowers risk of heart disease
Consequences
Death related to ethanol
DUI-5th greatest cause of death
Passed down to child
Fetal Alcohol Syndrom
Blood Alcohol Content BAC
0.02% interference with thinking, coordination and reaction time
0.15% Drunk- problems walking and performing small tasks
0.4% is fatal.
Respiratory Quotient
Ratio of carbon dioxide liberated to oxygen
Respiratory Quotients of Various Compounds
Glucose
RQ=6CO2/6O2 = 1.0
Lipid
RQ=18CO2/25.50(2)=0.7
Fermentation
No O2 consumption
Citric Acid
RQ=6CO2/4.50(2)=1.33
