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Cardiovascular system (Gross anatomy (Pericardium (Double walled sac that…
Cardiovascular system
Gross anatomy
Overview
Heart and the blood vessels transport blood throughout the body - therefore making up the cardiovascular system
Cardiovascular system has two divisions:
Pulmonary circuit that serves the lungs and receives blood from the right side of the heart.
Systemic circuit that supplies blood to the remainder of the body. The left side of the heart sends blood to the systemic circuit
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Position/ Size/ Shape
Heart lies at the center of the thoracic cavity in the mediastinum. The broad and superior portion is the point of attachment (base) for the great vessels
Pericardium
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Parietal pericardium is a tough fibrous layer of dense CT with thin smooth, moist serous layer
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Pericardial cavity is the space between parietal and visceral pericardia, it contains pericardial fluid lubricating membranes and allows the heart to beat without friction
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Blood flow
Arterial supply
First branches off the aorta are the R/L coronary arteries.
The left coronary artery supplies blood to the left side of the heart and divides into the anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries
The right coronary artery supplies blood to the ride side of the heart and divides into the marginal and posterior interventricular arteries
Myocardial infarction: when coronary arteries are occluded with plaque and heart muscle dies from lack of blood flow
Venous drainage : route by which blood leaves an organ. blood leaving capillaries collects in small veins that merge to form large veins. These lead to the great cardiac vein that drains anterior aspect of the heart, and the middle cardiac vein that collects blood from the posterior aspect of the heart.
The great and middle cardiac veins drain into the cardiac sinus that empties into the right atrium