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Module 3: PAIN (NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF PAIN (PAIN TOLERANCE (influenced by…
Module 3: PAIN
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF PAIN
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PAIN TOLERANCE
point at which the individual is no longer willing to accept stimulation of higher magnitude or longer duration
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CLASSIFICATION OF PAIN
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RECURRENT PAIN
– pain present for less than half the days in a 12 month period
– occurring in multiple episodes over a 1 year period
ACUTE PAIN
– immediate onset; usually result of tissue damage
– as healing occurs pain diminishes
– usually less than 6 weeks
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CHRONIC PAIN
– longer than 3 months
– constant/intermittent/variable in intensity
– pain tolerance usually decreases with chronic pain
may be aggravated by:
– lack of sleep
– irritability
– lack of concentration
– depression
– drug dependency
PATIENT CLASSIFICATION
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– undetermined origin of pain
– good premorbid psychological adjustment
– lack definable lesion
– pain may create later psychological difficulties
exaggeration of pain
– pre-existing psychological disorder
– pain problems are real and definable but disability is disproportionate to organic impairment
affective pain
– psyciatric problems preceding pain but deny them and blame all difficulties to the pain which actually lacks organic basis
TYPES OF PAIN
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VISCERAL PAIN
diffuse,
poorly localised,
radiating and often referred
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transmitted primarily through sympathetic nerves though trachea and oesophagus sensation transmitted through vagus nerve
REFERRED PAIN
Visceral and Deep somatic pain may be referred
Visceral referred to muscles, fascia and other deep structures in predictable McKenzie zones
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Definition: unpleasant emotional and sensory experience associated with both actual and potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage
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