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Early Exploration (France (Environment (The Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic…
Early Exploration
France
Goals
Wealth (The French found some Mexican gold on a Spanish ship, so they wanted to explore to find more)
Spread Catholicism- beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church such as baptism to symbolize faith and reading the Bible as the Holy Word
Culture.
They were a supporter of catholicism however they were not in it to push their belief on God but rather to get Gold. The French valued natives and wanted to trade resources with them to succeed but not force them to change their culture.
Environment
The Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic Coast, English Channel, and the Rhine River allowed:
Fishing
Irrigation
Travel
Fertile land aided in crop growth (mainly wheat) for food usage
Nearby mountain ranges such as the Alps and Pyrenees b
locked other countries from invading
Settlement in New World
The French first settled in Tadoussac in 1600 then later settling in Quebec in 1608. Later spreading south west throughout the country.
England
Culture
The English brought believes such as schools, women’s rights to an extent, and the right to a jury of their peers
English brought with them many livable supplies such as horses, cows, pigs, wheat, barley, sugar cane, axes, shovels, hammers, nails, other tools, and anything else they could afford to bring along
English brought their Christian ways and they brought the ideas of religious freedoms.
Settlement in New World
In 1580, the English tried to settle in what’s now Roanoke, North Carolina, this settlement failed tremendously and was later referred to as the Lost Colony.
John Cabot led the English to be the first to North America when he sailed out of the port in Bristol, England on August 6th, 1497 and sailed to Canada
On May 13,1607, the English picked Jamestown, Virginia for their settlement, which was named after their King, James I. The settlement became the first permanent English settlement in North America.
Further up North Puritan families, sought to live as they believed scripture demanded and established the Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, New Haven, Connecticut, and Rhode Island colonies of New England.
England also took over the Dutch colony of New Netherland (including the New Amsterdam settlement), which was renamed the Province of New York in 1664. As,an effect of taking New Netherland the English also came to control New Sweden (now Delaware). Most of this exploration, conquerization, and colonization can be accredited to the fall of the Spanish Armada in 1588
n 1609, Admiral Sir George Somers had set sail with a fleet of nine ships from Plymouth of England towards the new English colony Jamestown of Virginia. On the voyage the fleet was caught in a severe storm on the way and the flagship Sea Venture got separated from the remaining vessels. After a long struggle, the sailors of Sea Venture were somehow able to notice the east-end reefs of Bermuda and were able to steer the ship towards the rocks, when they arrived they wrecked the ships.
Goals
The English had the main goals and that was to find the Northwest Passage, which they believed was a direct route to the Orient which was filled with spices, silks and wealth. Or in other words the main goal was to expand as much as possible.
Environment
In 1620, Mayflower got way off course during a storm on on it’s voyage to “Northern Virginia” but actually it was heading towards Plymouth. Also, as the British unloaded their numerous animals they brought over, it destroyed many of the Native's ecosystem. For example, sweet potatoes that they never had seen before and thrived in the wild, cattle torn up the grasslands that were more lush than in the old world, horses also underwent massive population explosion in the wild due to abundance of grasslands. Lastly, rats, dogs, and cats also went wild in new environment.
Spain
Culture: Although spreading Christianity was not the Spaniards main goal in colonizing Christianity was still spread and adopted by many natives. Native Americans were forced to agree with the Spaniards culture, the Spanish also introduced slavery which became apart of the natives culture and continued in America for many years.
Environment: As Spain colonized America many native North American species began going extinct due to the Spanish bringing over their own animals, such as pigs, and overhunting in order to trade. Taking native americans was the main goal for Spaniards but this almost failed as Spanish diseases were spread in the new environment killing off many natives. Spain began colonizing the Caribbean due to wind patterns that made it easy to sail.
The Spanish Empire: Columbus helped Spain conquer territory beginning in 1942 and Spain continued to expand their empire over the Caribbean, majority of South America, and the southwest portion of North America.
Goal: The goal Spain had when colonizing was to search for gold to increase their wealth, and to enslave the natives for manual labor in both Spain and North America.
The Netherlands (Dutch)
Goals
The goals of the Dutch West India Company were to open trade in North and South America, to challenge Spanish trade in the Americas, to build forts and maintain troops.
In 1621, the Dutch West India Company was formed to colonize and trade in the Americas. The Dutch had a colony called New Netherland, which was a fur-trading outpost for the Dutch West India Company.
Culture
Some things brought to the Americas from the Dutch were trading posts, which marked the beginning of the colonization. They also established plantations. One thing they used for trade was fur, instead of having interest in agriculture.
Environmental Factors
One environmental challenge that was faced by the Dutch was the spread of disease, which is a reason why there was immigration. The Hudson River was used as a resource for trade.
Where they settled in the new world
The first Dutch settlement located in the Americas was founded in 1615. It was called Fort Nassau, which was found along the Hudson River. This settlement was later replaced by Fort Orange, which is part of New Netherland. New Netherland is the main colony, which was located on the east coast of North America.
