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Computational Hypothesis on How Serotonin Regulates Catecholamines in…
Computational Hypothesis
on How Serotonin
Regulates Catecholamines
in Depressive Apathy
Introduction
experiments/observations on
with rats
exposed to
chronic
stressors
unpredictable
show that there is
decrease activity of
dopamine neurons (DA)
of the
ventral tegmental area
resulting in
reduced dopamineafflux to
nucleus accumbens
lower inactivity
patients with depression
have altered
Norepinephrine activity (Ne)
in the locus coeruleus (LC)
influencing
symptoms like
diminished concentration
depressed mood
fatigue
have
serotonin anomalies
gap
statement
not clear relationship between
between
serotoninergic system
catecholamines dysregulation
in pathogenesis of depressive symptoms
fill
poposed hp on
computational model for which
low levels of serotonin
translate into
higher cost of
the release of
1 more item...
down regulation of
1 more item...
disrupt optimal control of catecholamines release
by altering dialogue betwn
medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC)
brainstem catecholamine nuclei
usage of
Reinforcement Meta-Learner (RML)
model
hp: the behavioral adaptation is a problem of
decision making
maximizing the long term reward
control of behavior and internal variables
which are dynamically controlled by
interaction between
dACC
brainstem
catecholamine
nuclei
implementing
meta-learning
process
e.g. rat
makes decisions about
movements in the environment
controls high level variables
how much effort to invest
cost/benefit trade-off
keep in consideration
changes in the environment
plasticity/stability trade-off
engaging or not in one activity
based on
bidirectional
anatomical
connections between
dACC
#
brainstem
catecholamine
nuclei
ventral tegmental
area (VTA)
LC
#
architecture
inner loop
between
action-selection
parameter control
processes
external loop
between
RML
environment
third loop
simulating
RML control over
control over brain areas
via broadcasting
catecholaminergic signal
HP:
serotonin plays a
neuro-modulatory role on
decision-making
coding the cost of
enhancing
(boosting)
cathecolamine
release
by the dACC
#
catecholamines
are responsible of
optimal control over
decision making variables
effort investment
plasticity
regulated at higher level by
serotonin
#
Computational/Theoretical
Studies
dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC)
is a multi-domain estimator of
stimulus
action values
maximizes
long term reward
reinforcement learning (RL)
#