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the third conditional (In conditional type 3 sentences, modalities can…

- - - - Tanto "would" como "had" pueden contraerse de la misma forma, -'d, algo que puede generar confusión si no dominamos las oraciones condicionales de tipo 3. Recuerda estas 2 reglas:
        
        "would" nunca aparece en la proposición "if", por tanto, si "-'d" aparece en la proposición "if", será la contracción de "had".
        
        "had" nunca se pone antes de "have", por tanto, si "-'d" aparece tras un pronombre y va seguido de "have", será la contracción de "would".
        
        examples
        
        If I'd known you were in hospital, I'd have visited you. - If I had known you were in hospital, I would have visited you.
        
        I would have bought you a present if I had known it was your birthday.
        
        If you'd given me your e-mail, I'd have written to you.
- - - - Main clause
        
        If + Past Perfect tense would/could/might + have + past participle (I would have traveled around the world.)
        
        examples
        
        -If I had won the lottery, I would have traveled around the world.
        -If I had seen him, I would have told him about you.
        -If I had known the answer, I would have raised my hand.
        -If she had come on Saturday, I would have seen her.
        -If they had left earlier, they would have arrived on time.
        -If you had gone to Brazil, you would have had lots of fun.
      - If clause
        
        If + Past Perfect tense. (If I had won the lottery,)
- - - - -If I had worked harder I would have passed the exam. (But I didn't work hard, and I didn't pass the exam.)
        -If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake. (But I didn't know and I didn't bake a cake.)
        
        I would have been happy if you had called me on my birthday. (But you didn't call me and I am not happy.)
- - - - Subject + would + have + past participle
        
        examples
        
        Afirmativa. I would have gone
        You would have gone
        He would have gone
        She would have gone
        
        Negative.
        I wouldn't have gone
        You wouldn't have gone
        He wouldn't have gone
        She wouldn't have gone
        
        Interrogative.
        Would I have gone?
        Would you have gone?
        Would he have gone?
        Would she have gone?
        
        Negative question.
        Wouldn't I have gone?
        Wouldn't you have gone?
        Wouldn't he have gone?
        Wouldn't she have gone?