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Energy Metabolism: Respiration (Respiration Types # (Anaerobic (Glycosis,…
Energy Metabolism: Respiration
Respiration Types
#
Aerobic
Oxygen Needed
Three Parts
#
Glycosis
Citric Acid Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Oxidative Phosphorilation
Anaerobic
Fermentation
No Oxygen
Glycosis
Ancient
Produces ATP
Forms Pyruvates
Ethanol
Lactate
Toxic
Inefficient
Obligate
Either Anaerobic or Aerobic
Facultative
Switches Types
Few Plants
Animal Tissues
Heat-Generating
Body Temperature
Plant Examples
Voodoo Lilly (
Sauromatum guttatum
)
Skunk Cabbage (
Symplocarpus foetidus
)
Thermogenic Respiration
Plants
No ATP
Lipids
B-Oxidation
Factors
Environmental
Temperature
Increase
Doubles Respiration Rate
Can also Prohibit Rates
Decresase
Decreases Respiration Rate
Oxygen
Low Concentratoins
Variable Availability for Roots
Internal Regulation
Examples
Fruit Maturation
Seed Maturation
Metabolism Rates
Energy Yield
Anaerobic
6 ATP Produced
Aerobic
#
38 ATP Produced (Potentially)
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
2 or 6 NADPH Produced
Fatty Acid Respiration
Varies
No ATP Production
Thermogenic Respiration
Photorespiration
Fermentation of Alcoholic Beverages
#
Beer
Starchy Cereal Grains
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Ales
Bitters
Stouts
S. uvarum
Lagers
Pilsners
Light Beer
Fewer Calories
Sake
Fermented Rice
Stronger than Beer
Wine
Fruit Juice
Fermented Grapes
Vitis vinifera
15,000 Varieties
White wines
No Grape Skin
Ages 12-18 Months
Red/Rose Wines
Grape Skin
Aged 5 Years
12%-14* Alcohol
Ethanol
Sherry
Port
Madeira
Spirits
Ethanol > 20%
Grain-based
Whiskeys
Vodka
Gin
Molasses
Rum
Agave Plants
Tequila
Agave tequilana
Mescal
A. americana
Warnings
Ethanol
Alcoholism
Deaths
Poisonous
Respiratory Quotient (RQ)
Ratio of CO2:O
Acid's RQ > 1
Fatty Acid's RQ < 1