Present perfect
What is present perfect?
The present perfect is a verb tense that narrates the facts in the past or at a specific time but that continue to have relevance or importance in the present.
In the present perfect we use the auxiliary "to have", and the past participle of the verb. There are two classes of the participle verb: when they are regular and irregular.
Regular verbs in past participle: they are all the same as regular verbs in simple past tense. They do not need modifications.
Structure
Irregular verbs in the past participle: these verbs are different from regular verbs, some need modifications and others are iqual.
Examples:
- I have tried the food
- I have not tried the food
- Have I tried the food?
Negative sentences:
(Subject + auxiliary verb "have / has" + not + participle verb + complement)
Examples:
- ( I / you / we / they ) have not made a car.
-(he, she, It) has not started the project.(haven't)=contraction(hasn't)=contraction
Affirmative sentences:
(Subject + auxiliar verb"have / has" + participle verb + complement)
Examples:
- ( I / you / we / they ) have played basketball.
-(he, she, It) has eaten a pizza.
Interrogative sentences
(auxiliary verb "have / has" + subject + participle verb + complement + ? )
Examples:
- Have ( I / you / we / they ) escaped from the police ?
- Has (he, she, It) written a book ?
click to edit
Examples:
- I have gone to the concert
- I have not gone to the concert
- Have I gone to the concert?
There are two classes of auxiliars:
HAS: It is used for the pronouns he, she or It.
HAVE: It is used for the pronouns I, you, we, they.
In addition, the perfect present may include actions that occurred at
A concrete time
An inconcrete time
with expressions as:
“this morning”, “yesterday”, “last year”…
with expressions as:
“never”, “ever”, “many times”, “for”, “since”, “already”, “yet”…
For example:
- I have drunk many bottles of soda in this morning
For example:
- I have never written a novel