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C1 : Software Quality Overview (The SQA function (Evaluate software…
C1 : Software Quality Overview
Definition of Quality
End user definition
Absence of defect that would make software either stop completely or produce an unacceptable result
Must meet 2 criteria
Must be predictable
Must be measurable
IEEE
The degree to which a system, component, or a process meets specified requirement and user expectation
Importance of Quality
A competitive issues
A way to different product from other competitors
Customer want to be assured of company quality before paying
An issues for survival
Customer demand a demonstrable quality
Customer use
Quality certification
as a way of selecting suppliers
A method of entry into international market
Quality demonstrate credibility
Cost effective
Increase productivity > reduce defect prevention cost
Organization cost
Prevention cost
incurred to prevent defect from occuring
example
training
corrective action
quality planning
quality assurance
Appraisal cost
incurred to measure and monitor quality activities
example
review work product
test software
quality audit
Failure cost
Internal failure cost
incurred to correct defect before product is delivered to customer
example
failure analysis
scrap defective product
rework
External failure cost
incurred to correct defect found by customer
example
complaint
warranty claims
repairs
incurred to correct defect found during appraisal or after delivery
Customer retention and increased profits
Poor quality cost customer more than supplier
Better quality improve customer relationship and increase customer retention period
customer retention increased profits
Hallmark of global business
Emphasization on quality to grow business and out-perform competitors
QA VS QC
QA
Prevention (Proactive)
Prevent defect
Process
Confidence to customer
Examples
Quality audit
Training
QC
Correction (Reactive)
Find defect
Product
Confidence to producers
Examples
Testing
Inspection
Walkthrough
QA at each phase level
Analysis
3 main activities
Measurement of process attributes
Validation
Allow user to review project plan
Allow user to test with prototypes
Verification
Make sure FR, NFR, Constraint in req. specs doc. are traceable to customer request
Specifications
A technical foundation of software development
Conform doc. standard has been accepted by software organization
Evaluate quality by attributes
Consistency
Completeness
Unambigous
Minimal
Design
Bad quality at this phase can invalidate a good requirement specs. and make correct implementation impossible
Maintenance
Use complexity matrix to track and control complexity level of modified module
The SQA function
QA practices
Software project planning evaluation
Requirement evaluation
Evaluation of design process
Evaluation of coding practices
Evaluate software integration and test process
By independent group
In process evaluation of management and project control process
Tailoring of quality assurances procedures
Objectives of SQA
Provide management assurance that the established process is being implemented
Appropriate development methodology is in place
Project use standards and procedures
Independent review and audit are conducted
Documentation is produced during and not after development
Benefits of SQA function
Improve SQ by monitoring the software and the development process that produces it
Ensure full compliance with the established standards
To bring any inadequacies to management attention
SQA roles & responsibility
Roles
Software Quality Analyst
Responsibility
To monitor a group of people who execute software projects
Review all development and quality plan for completeness
Participate in inspection as moderator
Review all test plan for adherence to standards
Periodically audit SCM
Participate in all project phase review
Issues NC to non standard adherence
Function
Software Quality Assurance
Management involvement in SQA
Quality mission cannot be accomplished without solid support from top management
All manager and staff must own and take responsibility
Staff will be demoralized with the absence of support from the top
Management task
Develop quality policy
Regularly review the quality policy and its implementation
Ensure quality policies is communicated to all staff and understood
Ensure quality policy is implemented