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Acute abdominal pain (Aetiology (By severity (3. Obstruction (closed) …

- - - - Vascular
        MI, mesenteric ischemia, leaky AAA
      - Infection
        Penumonia, TB, gasteroenteritis,
        UTI, pneumococcal peritonitis,
        malaria, typhoid, cholera, syphilis,
        zoster, yersinia
      - Autoimmune
        UC/Crohn's disease, PAN
      - Metabolic/endocrine
        Thyrotoxicosis, pancreatitis,
        DM/DKA, Addison's disease,
        phaeochromocytoma
      - Haematological
        Sickle cell crisis
      - Functional
        IBS
    - - Organ rupture
        (oesophagus, aorta, spleen, ectopic preg, etc.)
      - Peritonitis
        (perf peptic ulcer, gallbladder, diverticulum, appendix, bowel)
      - Colic
        (gallbladder, bile duct, gut, ureter, salpinx, uterus)
      - Bowel obstruction
- - - - SOCRATES
        for pain
        
        Site
        Abdo quadrant
        
        Onset
        Sudden (vascular, perforation, obstruction)
        Insidious (infection, autoimmune,metabolic/endocrine)
        
        Character
        Colicky - obstructed viscus
        Constant, sharp - peritonitis
        Constant, dull - inflammation
        
        Radiation
        Face, neck, arm - MI
        Shoulder - MI, gallbladder
        Epigastric to RLQ - appendicitis
        
        Associated symptoms
        Cardiovascular - chest pain, SOB
        Respiratory - SOB
        Gastroenterology - N+V, haematemesis,
        malaena, diarrhoea/constipation,
        change in bowel habit
        Urological - urinary symptoms
        Genitourinary - pregnancy, LMP, contraception
        General - fever, weight loss, night sweats
        
        Timing
        Constant/intermittent
        Worsening/improving
        
        Exacerbating/relieving factors
        Eating - worsens stomach ulcer, relieves duodenal
        Movement/coughing - peritonitis
        
        Severity
- - - - Analgesia
        Indication: pain, inflammation
        E.g. paracetamol, ibuprofen, morphine
      - IV fluids
        Indication: acute illness/hypovolemia
        E.g. IV 500mL NaCl stat
      - Abx
        Indication: sepsis, peritonism
        e.g. broad spec per local guidance