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Core Idea: Motion + Stability ([PS2.A.] Forces + Motion (Learning Goal:…
Core Idea: Motion + Stability
[PS2.A.] Forces + Motion
Learning Goal: How can one predict an object's continued motion, changes in motion, or stability?
Interactions of an object with another object can be explained and predicted using the concept of forces
Objects have multiple forces acting on it, even those that are static.
Force causes a change in motion, described by its strength and direction. Force can also cause an object to change in shape or orientation
If the sum of the forces on an object equal zero, it will be static. If the sum of forces is greater than zero, its motion will change.
[PS2.B.] Types of Interactions
Learning Goal: What underlying forces explain the variety of interactions observed?
All forces between objects arise from a few types of interactions: gravity, electromagnetism, and strong and weak nuclear interactions
Gravitational, electric, and magnetic forces between a pair of objects do not require that they be in contact
Magnitude of force depends on the magnitude of charges, currents, and magnetic strengths, as well as distance between interacting objects
Collisions between objects involve forces between them that can change their motion
[PS2.C.] Stability + Instability in Physical Systems
Learning Goal: Why are some physical systems more stable than others?
A system's stability or instability depends on the balance or imbalance among its multiple interactions.
These interactions occur either simultaneously or in a sequence
A stable system's internal and external forces return to its prior state in presence of small changes
A system can be...
static but unstable, with any small change leading to forces that tend to increase that change
changing, but have stable repeating cycles of changes
appear to be unchanging when flows or processes within it are going on at opposite but equal rates