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Edexcel Music GCSE - Area of Study 3: Music for Stage and Screen: One Page…
Edexcel Music GCSE - Area of Study 3: Music for Stage and Screen: One Page Notes: Defying Gravity
Texture
If you learn just 1 thing:
Melody-dominated homophony
If you can learn 3 more things:
Monophonic texture in bar 3 and 5
Polyphonic texture from bar 162
Harmony
If you learn just 1 thing:
Both major and minor harmonies used throughout the piece.
If you can learn 3 more things:
Use of bare fifths.
Use of augmented chords (bar 7).
Bitonal writing in bars 88-103. The treble clef uses the F# (melody), yet the chords (bass clef) are the notes based in the chord of C major (CEG).
Tonality
If you learn just 1 thing:
Key of D major.
If you can learn 3 more things:
Modulates to G major between bars 88-103.
Between bars 1-32 we see numerous key changes, these are used to create tension. Glinda = D major/Elphaba = Db major.
The verse and chorus are in a major key while the coda is in a minor key.
Tempo, Rhythm and Metre
If you learn just 1 thing:
Predominantly in cut common time 2/2.
If you can learn 3 more things:
Uses both simple (2/2) and compound (3/4) metre.
In the first 32 bars uses 3/2 (3 minims in a bar).
Use of syncopation in the vocals.
Use of triplets in the vocal melody (bar 60).
Melody
If you learn just 1 thing:
Melodic movement is based around intervals of a 4th and 5th.
If you can learn 3 more things:
The first seven notes of 'Somewhere over the Rainbow' is used as a motif (bars 93-94).
Use of recitative (sung speech).
Uses both conjunct and disjunct movement.
Sonority (Performing Forces/Timbre)
If you learn just 1 thing:
Mix of orchestral instruments and more modern instruments.
If you can learn 3 more things:
Large orchestra: woodwind, brass and string sections with a harp and three keyboards. It includes a wide variety of percussion instruments: drum kit, tubular bells and timpani. Electric guitars create a modern sound and in this song they use overdrive and distortion effects.
Structure and Form
If you learn just 1 thing:
Based upon a more conventional pop song structure.