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Counselling (Lesson 8 Contemporary counselling models (Analytic Approaches…
Counselling
Lesson 8 Contemporary counselling models
Analytic Approaches
Focus on the insight, unconscious motivation and reconstruction of the personality.
Psychoanalytic Therapy
Founded: Sigmund Fred 1856-1939
Aimed at increasing awareness, fostering insights into client's behavior. Making the unconscious conscious through analysis and the interpretation of dreams.
Free association
Clients are encouraged to say whatever comes to mind.
To open doors to unconscious wishes, fantasies, conflicts and motivations (Recollection of past experiences)
Therapist's task - Listen to hidden meaning of client's story, identify the repressed material that is locked in the unconscious and interpret the materials an guide the client towards increased insight
Interpretation
Identifying, clarifying and translating the client's material. To point out a resistances of defense before interpreting the emotion or conflict that lies beneath it.
Dream analysis
For uncovering unconscious material and giving the client insight into some areas of unresolved problems.
During sleep, defenses are lowered and repressed feelings surface.
Transference
Enables clients to work through old conflicts that are keeping them or retarding the emotional growth.
Analysis of resistance
Refers to any idea, attitude feeling or action that fosters the status quo and gets in the way of change.
Anything that works against the progress of therapy and prevents the client from producing previously unconscious materials.
Counter transference
Counselor's projection of personal feelings and thought towards the client.
Needs self-awareness and supervision
Adlerian Therapy
Founded: Alfred Adler 1870-1937
Emphasizes the social context of behavior, the role of choices in personal decision making and addresses a person's feelings of inferiority.
Social interest
Birth order
Teaching, encouraging
Collaborative partnership
Clients: childhood issues or trauma, people who have issues
Experiential Approaches
Focus on part of the human condition, such a freedom, responsibility, anxiety, guilt and shaping one's future by making active choices.
Existential Therapy
Founded: Rollow May 1909-1994
Allow clients to face the uncertainties of life, gain awareness and make responsible choices that create meaning and fulfillment in their lives
Person centered Therapy
Founded: Carl R. Rogers 1940
A congruent counselor who provides unconditional positive regard and empathetic understanding will create greater self-awareness. self-responsibility and congruence for an individual
Empathetic listening
Aceepting
Respecting
Responding
Understanding
Gestalt Therapy
Founded: Frederick Perls, Laura Perls 1893-1970
Moment to moment process. Clients become aware of what they are doing, how they are doing it an how they change themselves and at the same time, learn to accept and value themselves.
Internal dialogue
Making the rounds
Reveresal
Rehearsal
Approach to dream work
Staying with the feeling
Exaggeration
Clients: depression, chronic issues,