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HIV AND AIDS (making an HIV diagnosis (prolonged fever of more than a…
HIV AND AIDS
making an HIV diagnosis
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herpes zoster, chronic herpes simplex infection
pneumonia, tuberculosis and low CD4 count
HIV counselling
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on ARVs patient must be aware of unsafe sex while on ARVs can still transmit HIV also result in treatment failure
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mode of transmission
sexual contact
unprotected vaginal, anal or oral sexual intercourse from infected to non-infected person
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diagnostic test
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western blot
used to confirm HIV infection in a positive ELISA test displays the antibodies specific to HIVviral protein in a seperation well-defined
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Antigen test P24
HIV carries an antigen P24 is produced in copious amount early in the infection and can be detected in the blood serum before any antibodies have been produced
ARV management in children, adolescents and adults.
A review of the expected benefits and potential side effects of the regimen chosen, and what other options are available at the treatment site
Initiating ART should be based on the level of HIV immune suppression as assessed by WHO HIV stage (presence or absence of certain HIV related symptoms), and CD4 cell count.
A baseline CD4 cell count not only guides the decision on when to initiate ART, it is also essential if CD4 counts are to be used to monitor ART.
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It is recommended that ART should be started only in those who are symptomatic and have evidence of significant immune system damage.
clinical stages
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stage 3
unexplained anaemia, neutropenia & thrombocytopenia
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