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CLASSIFICATION OF DISORDERS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM…
CLASSIFICATION OF DISORDERS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Disorders of the female reproductive system are classified according to event and according to the structures af
ECTOPIC PREGNANC
Defination of ectopic pregnancy- Is a complication of pregnancy in which the embryo attaches to the outside of the uterus
CAUSES OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY- An infection of the inflammation of the fallopian tube can cause it to become partially or entirely blocked
Scar tissue from previous infection or a surgical procedure on the tube may also impede the egg movement
Previous surgery in the pelvic area or on the tubes ca cause adhesions
Abnormal growth or birth defect can result in a n abnormality in th
RISK FACTORS- Martenal age of 35-44 years, previous ectopic pregnancy, previous pelvic or abnormal surgery, pelvic inflammatory disease, several induced abortion, smoking, endome
MEDICAL AND SURGICAL MANAGEMENT- Methotrexate may be given, which allows the body to absorb the pregnancy tissue and may save the fallopian tube, depending on how far the pregnancy has progressed
If the tube has become stretched or has ruptured and started bleeding, part or all of it may have to be removed, in this case bleeding needs to be stopped promptly and emergency surgery is necessary
Laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia may be performed this procedure involve a surgeon using a laparoscope to remove the ectopic pregnancy and repair or remove the affected fallopian tube. If the ectopic pregnancy cannot be removed laparoscopically, another surgical procedure called laparotomy may be done
Ectopic pregnancy is the one which develops in the wrong place, in ectopic pregnancy the fertilised ovum fails to move downwards through the fallopian tube to the uterus, instead it develop outward the womb, the ovum attach it self in the fallopian tubes, the ovary, cervix or any other organ within the pelvis and abdominal organ. Most ectopic pregnancies lead to immediate miscarriage
DYSMENORRHEOA
It is the painful menstruation, typically involving abdominal cramps, there is primary and secondary dysmenorrhoea. Primary dysmenorrhoea is the most common type of painful period, it occur where there is no underlying problem of the womb or pelvis, it often occur in teenagers and in women in their 20s. Secondary dysmenorrhoea is the pain caused by the uterus or pelvis, it is less common and occur in women in their 30s or 40s
CAUSES- ( PRIMARY DYSMENORRHOEA) The cause is often not clear, the uterus is normal, it is thought that normal body chemicals ( called prostaglandins) build up in the lining of the uterus. Prostaglandins help the uterus to contract and remove lining of the uterus during a period. In women with period pain there seems to be a build up of too much prostaglandins or the uterus may be extra sensitive to the prostaglandins, this may cause the uterus to contract too hard. This reduce the blood supply to the uterus and leads to pain. SECONDARY DYSMENORRHOEA- A problem of the uterus or pelvis sometimes causes painful periods for example endometriosis, fibroids, infection of the uterus or fallopian tube
PRIMARY DYSMENORRHOEA - nulliparity, obesity, cigarette smoking, positive family history. SECONDARY DYSMENORRHEOA- Pelvic infection, sexually transmitted infection, endometriosis
The patient should be helped to relax, apply heat to the lower abdomen and exercises. Ibuprofen 200-400 mg three times a day may be prescribed in the first 2-3 days of menstruation
Hyperactivity of the myometrium with accompying uterine ischemia is considered to be of central important causation of the pain. Prostaglandins seems to be involved in large extent in the development of endometrial hyperactivity
Many women never seek medical attention for dysmenorrhoea, self medication with analgesia and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and direct application of heat are common on effective strategies
CERVICITIS
Cervicitis is te inflammation of the cervix, it is caused by variety of organisms introduced during sexual intercourse
Early cortarche, multiple sexual partners, high parity,exposure to HPV type 12 and 18
Red and oedematous cervix, spotting or a heavy blood-stained muco-purulent vaginal discharge, lower abdominal pains with backache
Cervical pap smear, administration of prescribed antibiotics and cycle be completed, assist patient in self-care
Patient must be taught about dangers of early cortache and that they must use contraceptives to avoid high parity,they must stop smoking, those who smke
A computed Tomography scan with contrast reveals significant soft tissue swelling with multiple non-enhancing foci and patchy mineralization
surgery may be performed under general anaesthesia
Defination
DEFINATION
RISK FACTORS
NURSING MANAGEMENT
DEFINATION
RISK FACTORS
ASSESMENT FINDINGS AND SYMPTOMS
NURSING MANAGEMENT
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Pathophysiology
HEALTH EDUCATION
MEDICAL AND SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
MEDICAL AND SURGICAL MANAGEMENT