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Yii 1.1 yii-logo-png-transparent (Koterov - PHP 7 (1. Принципы работы…

- - - - https://www.yiiframework.com/wiki/15/how-to-hide-index-php-on-nginx
  - - - date.timezone = Europe/Kiev
      - display_errors Default Value: On Development Value: On Production Value: Off
  - - - /etc/php/fpm-php[5.6]/
    - - /etc/php/fpm-php[5.6]/includes
- - - - Delete enterie folders within assets to have Yii regenerate the necessary files, but do not delete individual files from within subfolders
    - - <?php // change the following paths if necessary $yii=$dirname(__FILE__).'/../yii-dir/framework/yii.php'; $config=dirname(__FILE__).'/protected/config/main.php'; // remove the following lines when in production mode defined('YII_DEBUG') or define('YII_DEBUG', true); //specify how many levels of call stack should be shown in each log message defined('YII_TRACE_LEVEL' or define('YII_TRACE_LEVEL',3); require_once($yii); Yii::createWebApplication($config)->run();
    - - commands - for yii commands
      - components - for defining necessary site componets
      - config - which stores your application's configuration files
        
        console.php - for configuring console applications
        
        database.php - the data base connection configuration
        
        main.php - configuration file for the production site # # #
        
        test.php - for testing mode
        
        :!!: Any writable property of the CWebApplication class can be configured here
      - controllers - where your application's controller classes go
      - data - for storing the actual database file (when using SQLite) or database-related files, such as SQL commands
      - extensions - for third-party extensions (i.e., non-Yii-core libraries)
      - .htaccess
      - messages - which stores messages translated in various languages
      - migrations - for automating database changes
      - models - where your application's model classes go
      - runtime - where Yii will create temporary files, generate logs, and so forth :!: Must be writable by the Web server
      - test - where you'd put unit tests
      - vendor
      - views - for storing all the view files used by the application
      - yiic
      - yiic.bat
      - yiic.php
- - - - interfaces.php
      - CStatePersister.php
        
        statePersister: CStatePersister - provides the mechanism for persisting global state
      - CSecurityManager.php
        
        securityManager: CSecurityManager - provides security-related services, such as hashing and encryption
      - CModule.php
      - CModel.php
      - CModelEvent.php
      - CModelBehavior.php
      - CHttpException.php
      - CException.php
      - CExceptionEvent.php
      - CErrorHandler.php
        
        errorHandler: CErrorHandler - hanles uncaught PHP errors and exceptions
      - CErrorEvent.php
      - CDbStatePersister.php
      - CComponent.php
      - CBehavior.php
      - CApplication.php
      - CApplicationComponent.php
    - - CApcCache.php
      - CCache.php
        
        cache: CCache - provides data caching functionality. Note, you must specify the actual class (e.g. CMemCache, CDbCache). Otherwise, null will be returned when you access this component # #
      - CDummyCache.php
      - CEAcceleratorCache.php
      - CFileCache.php
      - CMemCache.php
      - CRedisCache.php
      - CWinCache.php
      - CXCache.php
      - CZendDataCache.php
      - dependencies
      - CDbCache.php
    - - CDbDataReader.php
      - CDbException.php
      - CDbConnection.php
        
        db: CDbConnection - provides the database connecion. Note, you must configure its connectionString property in order to use this component
      - CDbMigration.php
      - CDbCommand.php
      - ar
      - CDbMigration.php
      - schema
    - - CChoiceFormat.php
      - CDateFormatter.php
      - CDbMessageSource.php
      - CGettexMessageSource.php
      - CLocale.php
      - CMessageSource.php
      - CNumberFormatter.php
      - CPhpMessageSource.php
        
        coreMessage: CPhpMessageSource - provides translated core messages used by the Yii framework
      - data
      - gettext
    - - actions
      - auth
        
        CAccessControlFilter.php
        
        CAuthAssigment.php
        
        CAuthItme.php
        
        CAuthManager.php
        
        authManager: CAuthManager - manages role-based access control (RBAC)
        
        CBaseUserIdentity.php
        
        CDbAuthManager.php
        
        CPhpAuthManager.php
        
        CUserIdentity.php
        
        CWebUser.php
        
        ser: CWebUser - carries indentity-related information about the current user
        
        schema-cubrid.sql
        
        schema-mssql.sql
        
        schema-oci.sql
        
        schema-pgsql.sql
        
        schema-sqlite.sql
      - CArtiveDataProvider.php
      - CArrayDataProvider.php
      - CAssetManager.php
        
        assetManager: CAssetManager - managers the publishing of private asset files
      - CBaseController.php
      - CCacheHttpsSession.php
      - CClientScript.php
        
        clientScript: CClientScript - manages client scripts (javascript and CSS)
      - CController.php
      - CDataProviderIterator.php
      - CDataProvider.php
      - CDbHttpSession.php
      - CExtController.php
      - CFormModel.php
      - CHttpCookie.php
      - CHttpRequest.php
        
        request: CHttpRequest - provides information related to user requests
      - CHttpSessionIterator.php
      - CHttpSession.php
        
        session: CHttpSession - provides session-related functionality
      - COutputEvent.php
      - CPagination.php
      - CSort.php
      - CSqlDataProvider.php
      - CThemeManager.php
        
        themeManager: CThemeManager - manages themes
      - CTheme.php
      - CUploadedFile.php
      - CUrlManager.php
        
        urlManager: CUrlManager - provides URL parsing and creation functionality
      - CWebModule.php
      - CWidgetFactory.php
      - filters
      - form
      - helpers
      - js
      - renderers
      - services
      - widgets
    - - CDateTimeParser.php
      - CFileHelper.php
      - CFormatter.php
        
        format: CFormatter - formats data values for display purpose
      - CLocalizedFormatter.php
      - CMarkdownParser.php
      - CPasswordParser.php
      - CPasswordHelper.php
      - CPropertyValue.php
      - CTimestamp.php
      - CVarDumper.php
      - fileExtensions.php
      - mimeTypes.php
- - - - use irc; describe irc_manage_menu;
  - - - class ManageMenu extends CWidget { public $layout; public function run() { ... } .... $is_wheel = user()->checkRoute( '#dummy_wheel' ); $is_admin = user()->checkRoute( '#dummy_admin' ); $this->render( $render_file, array( 'manage_menu' => $manage_menu, 'mm_user' => ( ( $is_wheel || $is_admin ) && ( $this->layout == 'index' ) ) ? $mm_wheel_index : $mm_user, ) ); }
  - - - class IrcManageMenu extends CActiveRecord { ... public function attributeLabels() { return array( 'id' => 'ID', 'groute' => 'Маршрут доступу', 'title' => 'Назва', 'icon_name' => 'Назва іконки', 'url' => 'Url', 'num_order => 'Порядок сортування', 'date_cor' => 'Дата модифікації', 'is_header' => 'Заголовок чи посилання', ); } }
  - - - ( ... ... )
  - - - $_config['base'] => array( 'components' => array( ... 'user' => array( 'class' => 'WebUser', 'allowAutoLogin' => true, 'autoRenewCookie' => true, 'behaviors' => array( 'allow_routes' => array( 'class' => 'application.components.AllowedRoutesUserBehavior', ), ), ), ... 'slapp' => array( 'class' => 'SlApp', 'defLang' => 'ua', ), ... ), ... );
    - - class AllowedRoutesUserBehavior extends CBehavior { ... public function checkGRoute($route) { if (!$this->_isInitialized) $this->_initialize(); if (!is_array($this->_routes[self::SITE_DICT])) { $this->_routes[self::SITE:DICT] = $this->_getRoutes(self::SITE_DICT); } return in_array($route, $this->_routes[self::SITE_DICT]); } }
  - - - ...  <div class="row'> <div class="col-md-12 style="padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 0px;"> <?php// TODO: посмотреть что это?> <?php if ( user()->checkGRoute('#dummy_user') ):?> <div class="manage_menu_index"> <?php $this->widget('ManageMenu', array('layout' => 'index'));?> <div class="ui-helper-clearfix"></div> <?=CHtml::link('<i class="fa fa-envelope"></i>'.tt('Podaty zvernennja', 'dict_site_layouts'), $this->createURL( '/komcentr/register/internal'), array('class' => 'btn btn-default') );?> </div> <?php endif?> </div> </div> ...
    - - class CClientScriptMod extends CClientScript { public function renderCoreScript() { ... if ( app()->slapp->getGlobalThemeName() == 'site2017' ) { // Unset ovverided base jui script files $deprecated = array(); $need_unset = array(); foreach( $this->scriptFiles as $pos => $scripts ) { $need_unset = array(); foreach( array_key($scripts) as $script ) { if ( strpos( $script, '/jquery-ui.js' ) !== false || strpos( $script, '/jquery-ui.min.js' ) !== false ) { $dirn = dirname( $script ); $fpath = realpath( Yii::getPathOfAlias( 'webroot' ).'/'.$dirn.'/../../jquery.yii.js' ); if ( $fpath ) { $deprecated[] = substr( dirname( $fpath ), strlne( Yii::getPathOfAlias( 'webroot' ) ) ).'/'; $need_unset[] = $script; } } } if ( !empty( $need_unset ) ) { foreach( $need_unset as $script ) { unset( $this->scriptFiles[$pos][$script] ); } } } // Unset ovverided base jui cssfiles $need_unset = array(); foreach( $this->cssFiles as $css => $none ) { foreach( $deprecated as $item ) { // All css files from theme if ( strpos( $css, $item ) === 0 ) { $need_unset[] = $css; continue; } } if ( strpos( $css, '/jquery-ui.css' ) !== false || strpos( $css, '/jquery-ui.min.css' ) !== false ) { $dirn = dirname( dirname( $css )); $fpath = realpath( Yii::getPathOfAlias( 'webroot' ).'/'.$dirn.'/../../jquery.yii.js' ); if ( $fpath ) { $deprecated[] = substr( dirname( $fpath ), strlen( Yii::getPathOfAlias( 'webroot' ) ) ).'/'; $need_unset[] = $css; } } } if ( !empty( $need_unset ) ) { foreach( $need_unset as $css ) { unset( $this->cssFiles[$css] ); } } } } ... }
  - - - class CMinifyController extends SlAppController { public $minifyForceDisable = false; public function init() { $this->onProcessOutput = array( 'WebMinify', 'compactEvent' ); } public function processOutput( $content ) { if ( app()->getGlobalState( 'optimizeHtmlContent' ) && !$this->minifyForceDisable ) { $event = new COutputEvent( $this, parent::processOutput( $content ) ); $this->onProcessOutput( $event ); return $event->output; } else { return parent::processOutput( $content ); } } public function onPreccessOutput( $event ) { $this->raiseEvent( 'onProcessOutput', $event ); } public function filterMetaSet( $filterChain ) { $filter = new FilterMetaSet(); $filter->filter( $filterChain ); } }
  - - - class SlApp extends CApplicationComponent { ... public function getGlobalThemeName() { return app()->getTheme()->name; } public function getGlobalThemeNameFallback() { return 'site2017'; } public function setTheme( $theme_name = null ) { if ( is_null( $theme_name ) ) { return; } $true_theme = null; if ( $this->defLang == $this->getCurrentLang() ) { $true_theme = $theme_name; } else { $true_theme = $theme_name.'_'.$this->getCurrentLang(); } if ( YII_DEBUG ) { Yii::trace( 'Resolve: set:'.true_theme ); } if ( !is_null( $true_theme ) ) { Yii::app()->setTheme( $true_theme ); } } public function isCurrentLangDef() { return $this->defLang == $this->getCurrentLang(); } }
    - - class SlAppController extends CController { public function createUrl( $route, $params = array(), $ampersand='&' ) { ... } public function createAbsoluteUrl( $route, $params = array(), $schema = '', $ampersand = '&' ) { ... } public function getViewFile( $viewName ) { ... } public function getLayoutFile( $layoutName ) { ... } }
  - - - <? if ( $this->layout == 'index' ) :?> <? $alias = ''; foreach( array( app()->slapp->getGlobalThemeName(), app()->slapp-getGlobalThemeFallback() ) as $theme_alias ) { if ( file_exist( $this->getViewFile( $alias ) ) ) { break; } } ?> <?=$this->controller->renderPartial( $alias, array( 'mm_user' => $mm_user ) );?> <? else:?> <? $alias = ''; foreach( array( app()->slapp->getGlobalThemeName(), app()->slapp->getGlobalThemeNameFallback() ) as $theme_alias ) { $alias = 'webroot.themes.'.$theme_alias.'.components.views.manageMenu.menuLeftCol'; if ( file_exists( $this->getViewFile( $alias ) ) ) { break; } } ?> <?=$this->controller->renderPartial( $alias, array( 'mm_user' => $mm_user ) );?> <? endif;?>
- - - - 'class' => 'ext.CThumbCreator.CThumbCreator'
    - - 'class' => 'CPhpMessageSource'
    - - 'class' => 'system.caching.CFileCache'
    - - 'class' => 'system.caching.DBCache' 'cacheTableName'=>'irc_cache_table'
    - - 'class' => 'system.caching.CFileCache'
    - - 'class' => 'application.components.SlCUrlManager'
    - - 'class' => 'CLogRouter'
    - - 'class' => 'application.components.DbAuthManager'
    - - 'class' => 'application.extensions3.YiiRedis.ARedisConnection' 'hostname' => '192.168.1.174' 'port' => 6379 'database' => 0
    - - 'class' => 'WebUser'
    - - 'class' => 'CHttpSession11'
    - - 'class' => 'application.extensions.mailer.EMailer'
    - - 'class' => 'application.extensions.imagemodifier.CImageModifier'
    - - 'class' => 'ext.JGoogleAPI.JGoogleAPI'
    - - 'class' => 'application.extensions.curl.Curl'
    - - 'class' => 'editable.EditableConfig'
    - - 'class' => 'SlApp' 'defLang' => 'ua'
    - - 'class' => 'ext.sphinx-native.SphinxNkCli' 'apiHost' => '192.168.1.174' 'apiPort' => 9312
    - - 'class' => 'application.extensions3.yii-eauth-master.EAuth'
    - - 'class' => 'application.extensions3.yiiReCaptcha.ReCaptcha'
  - - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/pq-request'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/tmp/pq-request'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/suggest-rc-images'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/licencing-blanks'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/competitions_and_festivals'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/monuments_audio'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/entity_seminars'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/esaver_projects'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/veteran_header'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/hischool_files'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'mod_ecology'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'act_cutd'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'mod_ecology'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'act_surv'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'enrolle'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'municipaltarif'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'school_museum'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/rc_files'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/tram_routes'
    - - $base_path.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'.uploaded/troll_routes'
    - - $base_path.'/extensions3/x-editable'
- - - - WITH temporary_name AS ( SELECT * FROM table_name ) SELECT * FROM temporary_name WHERE column_name operator value;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value;
  - - - UPDATE table_name SET column_name = value WHERE column_name operator value;
  - - - SELECT SUM( column_name ) FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT DISTINCT column_name FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name FROM table_name;
      - SELECT 'column_name_1' || ' ' || 'column_name_2' FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT ROUND( column_name, integer ) FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_1 LEFT JOIN table_2 ON table_1.column_name = table_2.column_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name ASC | DESC;
      - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name ORDER BY random ( );
  - - - SELECT column_name FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value_1 OR column_name operator value_2;
  - - - SELECT MIN( column_name ) FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name LIMIT number;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE pattern;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name WHERE column_name IS NULL | NOT NULL
  - - - INSERT INTO table_name ( column_name_1, column_name_2, .., colunm_name_n ) VALUES ( value_1, value_2, .., value_n );
      - INSERT INTO table_name_1 ( column_name_1, column_name_2, .., column_name_n ) SELECT ( column_name_1, column_name_2, .., column_name_n ) FROM table_name_2;
  - - - SELECT MAX( column_name ) FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_1 JOIN table_name_2 ON table_name_1.column_name = table_name_2.column_name;
      - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_1 JOIN table_name_2 USING ( column_name );
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)?, COUNT( * ) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name HAVING COUNT( * ) > value;
  - - - SELECT column_name, COUNT( * ) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name;
  - - - DELETE FROM table_name WHERE column_name operator value;
  - - - CREATE TABLE table_name ( column_name_1 datatype, column_name_2 datatype, .. column_name_n datatype );
  - - - SELECT COUNT( column_name ) FORM table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)?, CASE WHEN column_name operator value_1 THEN 'Result_1' WHEN column_name operator value_2 THEN 'Result_2' .. WHEN column_name operator value_n THEN 'Result_n' ELSE 'Result_default' END AS 'Alias_name' FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value_1 AND value_2;
      - The BETWEEN operator is being used to filter the result set to only include items with column_name that begin with letters 'A' up to, but not including 'J'
        
        SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name WHERE column_name between 'A' AND 'J';
      - The BETWEEN operator is being used to filter the result set to only include items with column_name between 1990 up to, and including 1999
        
        SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN 1990 AND 1999;
  - - - SELECT AVG( column_name ) FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name AS 'Alias' FROM table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name WHERE column_name_1 = value_1 AND column_2 = values_2;
  - - - ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype;
      - ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY COLUMN column_name datatype;
      - ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_1 UNION (ALL)? SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_2 .. UNION (ALL)? SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_n;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_1 INTERSECT SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_2 .. INTERSECT SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_n;
  - - - SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_1 EXCEPT SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_2 ... EXCEPT SELECT column_name(s)? FROM table_name_n;
  - - - REPLACE( string, from_string, to_sting )
  - - - CAST(number1 AS REAL) / number2;
- - - - <?php // Show all information, dafults to INFO_ALL phpinfo ( ); // Show just the module information. // phpinfo ( 8 ) yields identical results. phpinfo ( INFO_MODULES ); ?>
  - - - <?php // destroy a single variable unset ( $foo ); // destroy a single element of an array unset ( $bar['quux'] ); // destroy more then one variable unset ( $foo1 , $foo2 , $foo3 ); ?>
      - <?php function foo ( ) { static $bar; $bar = $bar + 1; echo "Before unset: $bar, "; unset ( $bar ); $bar = 23; echo "after unset: $bar\n"; } foo ( ); foo ( ); foo ( ); ?>
      - <?php function destroy_foo ( ) { global $foo; unset ( $foo ); } $foo = 'bar'; destroy_foo ( ); echo $foo; ?>
  - - - <?php $text = "This is the Euro symbol '€'."; echo 'Original : ', $text, PHP_EOL; echo 'TRANSLIT : ', iconv ( "UTF-8", "ISO-8859-1//TRANSLIT", $text ), PHP_EOL; echo 'IGNORE : ', iconv ( "UTF-8", "ISO-8859-1//IGNORE", $text ), PHP_EOL; echo 'Plain : ', iconv ( "UTF-8", "ISO-8859-1", $text ), PHP_EOL; ?>
  - - - I have <?= $bar ?> bar.
      - <?php echo "Hello World!"; echo "This spans multiple lines. The newlines will be output as well"; echo "This spans\nmuliple lines. The newlines will be\noutput as well."; echo "Escaping characters is done \"Like this\"."; // You can use variables inside of an echo statement $foo = "foobar"; $bar = "barbaz"; echo "foo is $foo"; // foo is foobar // You can also use arrays $baz = array ( "value" => "foo" ); echo "this is {$baz['value']} !"; // this is foo! // Using single quotes will print the variable name, not the value echo 'foo is $foo'; // If you are not using any other characters, you can just echo variables echo $foo; // foobar echo $foo,$bar; // foobarbarbaz // String can either be passed individually as multiple arguments or // concatenated together and passed as a single argument echo 'This ', 'string ', 'was ', 'made ', 'with multiple parameters.', chr ( 10 ); echo 'This ' . 'string ' . 'was ' . 'made ' . 'with ' . concatenated.' . "\n"; echo <<<END This uses the "here document" syntax to output multiple lines with $variable interpolation. Note that the here document terminator must appear on a line with just a semicolon. no extra whitespace! END; // Because echo does not behave like a function, the following code is invalid. ( $some_var ) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false'; // Changing the statement around echo $some_var ? 'true' : 'false'; ?>
  - - - Defines a named constant
        bool define ( string $name , mixed $value [, bool $case_insensitive = FALSE ]
        
        <?php define ( "CONSTANT", "Hello world." ); echo CONSTANT; // outputs "Hello world." echo Constant; // outputs "Constant" and issues a notice. define ( "GREETING", "Hello you.", true ); echo GREETING; // outputs "Hello you." echo Greeting; // outputs "Hello you." // Works as of PHP 7 define ( 'ANIMALS', array ( 'dog', 'cat', 'bird', ) ); echo ANIMALS[1]; // output "cat" ?>
    - - Return the value of a constant
        mixed constant ( string $name )
        
        <?php define ( "MAXSIZE", 100 ); echo MAXSIZE; echo constant ( "MAXSIZE" ); // same thing as the previous line interface foo { const test = 'foobar!'; } class foo { const test = 'foobar!'; } $const = 'test'; var_dump ( constant ( 'bar::' . $const ) ); // string ( 7 ) "foobar!" var_dump ( constant ( 'foo::' . $const ) ); //string ( 7 ) "foobar!" ?>
    - - Checks whether a given named constant exist
        bool defined ( string $name )
        
        <?php /* Note the use of quotes, this is important. This example is checking * if the string 'TEST' is the name of a constant named TEST */ if ( defined ( 'TEST' ) ) { echo TEST; } ?>
  - - - <?php print ( "Hello World!" ); print "print ( ) also works without parentheses."; print "This spans multiple lines. The newlines will be output as well"; print "This spans\nmultiple lines. The newlines will be\noutput as well."; print "Escaping characters is done \"Like this\"."; // You can use variables inside a print statement $foo = "foobar"; $bar = "barbaz"; print "foo is $foo"; // foo is foobar // You can also use arrays $baz = array ( "value" => "foo" ); print "this is {$baz['value']} !"; // this is foo ! // Using single quotes will print the variable name, not the value print 'foo is $foo'; // foo is $foo // If you are not using any other characters, you can just print variables print $foo; // foobar print <<<END This uses the "here document" syntax to output multiple lines with \$variable interpolation. Note that the here document terminator must appear on a line with just a semicolon no extra whitespace! END; ?>
  - - - <pre> <?php $a = array ( 'a' => 'apple' , 'b' => 'banana' , 'c' => array ( 'x' , 'y' , 'z' ) ); print_r ( $a ); ?> </pre> <?php $b = array ( 'm' => 'monkey' , 'foo' => 'bar' , 'x' => array ( 'x' , 'y' , 'z' ) ); $results = print_r ( $b , true ); // $results now contains output from print_r echo $results; ?>
  - - - <?php // strftime ( ) locale examples setlocale ( LC_TIME , "C" ); echo strftime ( "%A" ); setlocale ( LC_TIME , "fi_FI" ); echo strftime ( " in Finnish is %A, " ); setlocale ( LC_TIME , "fr_FR" ); echo strftime ( " in French %A and" ); setlocale ( LC_TIME , "de_DE" ); echo strftime ( " in German %A.\n" ); ?> <?php // Cross platform compatible example using the %e modifier // Jan 1: results in: '%e%1%' ( %% , e, %% , %e , %% ) $format = '%%e%%%e%%'; // Check for Windows to find and replace the %e // modifier correctly if ( strtoupper ( substr ( PHP_OS, 0, 3 ) ) == 'WIN' ) { $format = preg_replace ( '#(?<!%)((?:%%)*)%e#' , '\1%#d' , $format ); } echo strftime ( $format ); ?> <?php setlocale ( LC_TIME , "ru_RU" ); echo strftime ( '%d-%B-%Y, %A' ); ?>
  - - - syntax error, unexpected ' '
        
        <?php echo 1 echo 2; ?>
    - - Uncaught Error: Call undefined function
        
        <?php echo 1; foo ( ); echo 2; ?>
    - - display_errors = on error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE
    - - Sets which errors are reported
        int error_reporting ( [int $level] )
        
        <?php // Turn off all error reporting error_reporting ( 0 ); // Report simple running errors can be good to ( to report uninitalized error_reporting ( E_ERROR | E_WARNING | E_PARSE ); // Reporting E_NOTICE can be good to ( to report uninitalized // variables or catch variable name misspellings ... ) error_reporting ( E_ERROR | E_WARNING | E_PARSE | E_NOTICE ); // Report all errors except E_NOTICE error_reporting ( E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE ); // Report all PHP errors ( see cangelog ) error_reporting ( E_ALL ); // Report all PHP errors error_reporting ( -1 ); // Same as error_reporting ( E_ALL ) ini_set ( 'error_repotring', E_ALL ); ?>
    - - Values
        
        Constant ( integer )
        
        Description
      - 1
        
        E_ERROR
        
        Fatal run-time errors.These indicate errors that can not be recovered from, such as a memory allocation problem. Exucution of the script is halted
      - 2
        
        E_WARNING
        
        Run-time warnings ( non-fatal errors ). Execution of the script is not halted
      - 4
        
        E_PARSE
        
        Compile-time parse errors. Parse errors should only be generated by the parser
      - 8
        
        E_NOTICE
        
        Run-time notices. Indicate that the script encountered something that could indicate an error, but could also happen in the normal course of running a script
      - 16
        
        E_CORE_ERROR
        
        Fatal error that occur during PHP's initial startup. This is like an E_ERROR, except it is generated by the core of PHP
      - 32
        
        E_CORE_WARNING
        
        Warning ( non-fatal errors ) that occur during PHP's initial startup. This like an E_WARNING, except it is generated by the core of PHP
      - 64
        
        E_COMPILE_ERROR
        
        Fatal compile-time errorrs. This is like an E_ERROR, except it is generated by the Zend Scripting Engine
      - 128
        
        E_COMPILE_WARNING
        
        Compile-time warnings ( non-fatal errors ). This is like an E_WARNING, except it is generated by the Zend Scripting Engine
      - 256
        
        E_USER_ERROR
        
        User-generated error mesage. This is like an E_ERROR, except it is generated in PHP code by using the PHP function trigger_error ( )
      - 512
        
        E_USER_WARNING
        
        User-genereted warning mesage. This is like an E_WARNING, except it is generated in PHP code by using the PHP function trigger_error ( )
      - 1024
        
        E_USER_NOTICE
        
        User-generated notice message. This is like an E_NOTICE, except it is generated in PHP code by using the PHP function trigger_error ( )
      - 2048
        
        E_STRICT
        
        Enable to have PHP suggest changes to your code which will ensure the best interoperability and forward compatibility of your code
      - 4096
        
        E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR
        
        Catchable fatal error. It indicates that a probably dangerous error occurred, but did not leave the Engine in an ustable state. If the error is not caught by a user defined handle, the application aborts as it was an E_ERROR
      - 8192
        
        E_DEPRECATED
        
        Run-time notice. Enable this to recieve warnings about code that will not work in a future versions
      - 16384
        
        E_USER_DEPRECATED
        
        User-generated warning message. This is like an E_DEPRECATED, except it is generated in PHP code by using the PHP function trigger_error ( )
      - 32767
        
        E_ALL
        
        All errors and warnings, as supported, except of level E_STRICT prior to PHP 5.4.0
  - - - <?php echo ini_get ( 'display_errors ' ); if ( !ini_get ( 'display_errors ) ) { ini_set ( 'display_errors', '1' ); } echo ini_get ( 'display_errors' ); ?>
  - - - <?php /* Our php.ini contains the following steps: display_errors = On register_globals = Off post_max_size = 8M */ echo 'display_errors = ' . ini_get ( 'display_errors' ) . "\n"; echo 'register_globals = ' . ini_get ( 'register_globals' ) . "\n"; echo 'post_max_size = ' . ini_get ( 'post_max_size' ) . "\n"; echo 'post_max_size+1 = ' . ( ini_get ( 'post_max_size') + 1 ) . "\n"; echo 'post_max_size in bytes = ' . return_bytes ( ini_get ( 'post_max_size ) ); function return_bytes ( $val ) { $val = trim ( $val ); $last = strtolower ( $val[strlen ( $val ) - 1] ); switch ( $last ) { // The 'G' modifier is available since PHP 5.1.0 case 'g': $val = $val * 1024; case 'm': $val = $val * 1024; case 'k': $val = $val * 1024; } return $val; } ?>
  - - - <? $int = 1234; // decimal number $int = -123; // a negative number $int = 0123; // octal number ( equivalent to 83 decimal ) $int = 0x1A; // hexadecimal number ( equivalent to 26 decimal ) $int = 0b11111111; // binary number ( equivalent to 255 decimal ) ?>
      - An integer is a number of the set Z = {...,-2,-1,0,1,2,...}
    - - <? $float = 1.234; $float = 1.2e3; $float = 7E-10; ?>
    - - Single quoted
        
        <? echo 'this is a simple string'; echo 'You can also have embedded newlines is strings this way it is okay to do'; // Outputs: Arnold once said: "I'll be back" echo 'Arnold once said: "I\'ll be back"'; // Outputs: You deleted C:\*.*? echo 'You deleted C:\\*.*?'; // Outputs: You deleted C:\*.*? echo 'You deleted C:\*.*?'; // Outputs: This will not expand: \n a newline echo 'This will not expand: \n a newline'; // Outputs: Variables do not $expand $either echo 'Variables do not $expand $either'; ?>
      - Double quoted
        
        If the string is enclosed in double-quotes ( " ), PHP will interpret the following escape sequences for special characters
        
        Seqence Meaning \n linefeed ( LF or 0x0A ( 10 ) in ASCII ) \r carriage return ( CR or 0x0D ( 13 ) in ASCII ) \t horizantal tag ( HT or 0x09 ( 9 ) in ASCII ) \v vertical tab ( VT or 0x0B ( 11 ) in ASCII ) \e escape ( ESC or 0x1B ( 27 ) in ASCII ) \f form feed ( FF or 0x0C ( 12 ) on ASCII ) \\ backslash \$ dollar sign \" double-quote \[0-7]{1,3} the sequence of characters matching the regular expression is a character in octal notation, which silently overflows to fit in a byte ( e. g. "\400" === "\000" ) \x[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,2} the sequence of characters matching the regular expression is a charcter in hexadecimal notation \u{[0-9A-Fa-f]+} the sequence of characters matching the reqular expression is a Unicode codepoint, which will be output to the string as the codepoint's UTF-8 representation
      - Herodoc
- - - - Methods
        
        .
        
        OPTIONS
        
        The OPTIONS method represents a request for information about the communication options available on the request/response chain identified by the Request-URI
        
        .
        
        GET
        
        The GET method means retrieve whatever information ( in the form of an entity ) is identified by the Request-URI
        
        .
        
        HEAD
        
        The HEAD method is identical to GET except that the server MUST NOT return a message-body in the response
        
        .
        
        POST
        
        The POST method is used to request that the origin server accept the entity enclosed in the request as a new subordinate of the resource identified by the Request-URI in the Request-Line
        
        .
        
        PUT
        
        The PUT method requests that the eclosed entity be stored under the supplied Request-URI
        
        .
        
        PATCH
        
        .
        
        DELETE
        
        The DELETE method requests that the original srver delete the resource identified by the Request-URI
        
        .
        
        TRACE
        
        The TRACE method is used to invoke a remote, application-layer loop-back of the request message
        
        .
        
        CONNECT
        
        This specification reserves the method name CONNECT for use with a proxy tath can dynamically switch to being a tunnel ( e.g. SSL tunneling )
        
        Idempotent Methods
        
        Safe Methods
      - Status-Code
        
        Server Error 5xx
        
        .
        
        504 Gateway Time-out
        
        The server, while acting as a gateway or proxy, did not receive a timely response form the upstreeam server specified by the URI ( e.g. HTTP, FTP, LDAP ) or some other auxiliary server ( e.g. DNS ) it needed to access in the attempting to complete the request
        
        .
        
        503 Service Unavailable
        
        The server is currently unable to handle the request due to a temporary overloading or maintenance of the server. The implication is that this is a temporary condition which will be alleviated afterr seme delay
        
        .
        
        502 Bad Gateway
        
        The server, while acting as a gateway or proxy, received an invalid responce from the upstream server it accessed in attempting to fulfill the request
        
        .
        
        505 HTTP Version not supported
        
        The server does not support, or refuses to support, the HTTP protocol version that was used in the request
        
        .
        
        501 Not Implemented
        
        The server does not support the functionality required to fulfill the request. This is the appropriate response when the server does not recognize the request method and is not capable of supporting it for any resource
        
        .
        
        500 Internal Server Error
        
        The server encountered an unexpected condition which prevented it from fulfilling the request
        
        Response status codes beginning with the digit "5" indicate cases in which the server is aware that it has erred or is incapable of performing the request
        
        Client Error 4xx
        
        The 4xx class of status code is intended for cases in which the client seems to have erred
        
        .
        
        400 Bad Request
        
        The request could not be understood by the server due to malformed syntax
        
        .
        
        401 Unathorized
        
        The request requires user authentication
        
        .
        
        402 Payment Required
        
        This code is reserved for the future use
        
        .
        
        403 Forbidden
        
        The server undestood the request, but is refusing to fulfill it
        
        .
        
        404 Not Found
        
        The server has not found anything matching the Request-URI. No indication is given of whether the condition is temporary or permanent
        
        .
        
        405 Method Not Allowed
        
        The method specified in the Request-Line is not allowed for the resource identified by the Request-URI
        
        .
        
        406 Not Acceptable
        
        The resource identified by the request is only capable of generating response entities which have content cahracteristics not acceptable according to the accept headers sent in the request
        
        .
        
        407 Proxy Authentication Required
        
        This code is similar to 401 ( Unauthorized ), but indicates that the client must first authenticate itself wiht the proxy
        
        .
        
        408 Request Timeout
        
        The client did not produce a request within the time that the server was prepared to wait
        
        .
        
        409 Conflict
        
        The request could not be completed due to a conflict with the current state of the resource
        
        .
        
        410 Gone
        
        The request resource is no longer available at the server and no forwarding address is known
        
        .
        
        411 Length Required
        
        The server refuses to accept the request without a defined Content-Length
        
        .
        
        412 Precondition Failed
        
        The precondition given in one or more of the request-header firlds evaluated fo false when it was tested on the server
        
        .
        
        413 Request Entity Too Large
        
        The server is refusing to precess a request because the request entity is larger than the server is willing or ablle to process
        
        .
        
        414 Request-URI Too Long
        
        The server is refusing to service the request because the Request-URI is longer than the server is willing to interpret
        
        .
        
        415 Unsupported Media Type
        
        The server is refusing to service the request because the entity of the request is in a format not supported by the requested resource for the requested method
        
        .
        
        416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable
        
        A server SHOULD return a response with this status code if a request included a Range request-header field, and none of the range-specifier values in this field ocerlap the current extent of the selected resource, and the request did not include an If-Range request-header field.
        
        .
        
        417 Expectation Failed
        
        The expectation given in an Expect request-header field could not be met by this server, or, if the server is a proxy, the server has unambiguous evidence that ther request could not be met by the next-hop server
        
        Redirection 3xx
        
        This class of status code indicates that further action needs to be taken by the user agent in order to fulfill the request
        
        .
        
        300 Multiple Choices
        
        The requested resource corresponds to any one of a set of representations, each with its own specific location, and agent-driven negotiation information is being provided so that the user ( or user agent ) can select a preferred representation and redirect its request to that location
        
        .
        
        301 Moved Permanently
        
        The requested resource has been assigned a new permanent URI and any future references to this resource SHOULD use one of the returned URIs
        
        .
        
        302 Found
        
        The requested resources resides temporarily under a different URI
        
        .
        
        303 See Other
        
        The response to the request can be found under a differernt URI and SHOULD be retrieved using a GET method on that resource
        
        .
        
        304 Not Modified
        
        If the client has performed a conditional GET request and access is allowed, but the document has not been modified, the server SHOULD respond with this status code
        
        .
        
        305 Use Proxy
        
        The requested resource MUST be accessed through the proxy given by the Location field
        
        .
        
        306 ( Unused )
        
        The 306 status code was used in a previous version of the specification, is no longer used, and the code is reserved
        
        .
        
        307 Temporary Rediret
        
        The request resource resides temporarily under a different URI
        
        Successful 2xx
        
        This class of status code indiates that the client's request was successfully received, understood, and accepted
        
        .
        
        200 OK
        
        The request has succeeded
        
        .
        
        201 Created
        
        The request has been fulfilled and resulted in a new resource being created
        
        .
        
        203 Non-Authoritative Information
        
        The returned metainformation in the entity-header is not the definitive set as available from the origin server, but is garhered from a local or a third-party copy
        
        .
        
        204 No Content
        
        The server has fulfilled the request but does not need to return an entity-body, and might want to return updated metainformation
        
        .
        
        205 Reset Content
        
        The server has fulfilled the request and the user agent SHOULD reset the document view which caused the request to be sent
        
        .
        
        206 Partial Content
        
        The server has fulfilled the partial GET request for ther source
        
        Informational 1xx
        
        This class of status code indicates a provisional response, consisting only of the Status-Line and optional headers, ans is terminated by an empty line
        
        .
        
        100 Continue
        
        The client SHOULD continue with its request
        
        .
        
        101 Switching Protocols
        
        The server understands and is willing to comply with the client's request, via the Upgrade message header field, for a change in the application protocol being used on this connection
      - Headers
        
        .
        
        If-Range
        
        If a client has a partial copy of an entity in its cache, and wishes to have an up-to-date copy of the entire entity in its cache, it could use the Range request-haeder with a condition GET ( using either or both of If-Unmodified-Since and If-Match )
        
        .
        
        If-None-Match
        
        The If-None-Match request-header field is used with a method to make it contidional
        
        .
        
        If-Unmodified-Since
        
        The If-Unmodified-Since request-header field is used with a method to make it conditional
        
        .
        
        Last-Modified
        
        The Last-Modified entity-header field indicates the date and time at which the origin server believes the variant was last modified
        
        .
        
        Location
        
        The Location response-header field is used to redirect the recipient to a location other than the Request-URI for completion of the request or identification of a new resource
        
        .
        
        If-Modified-Since
        
        The If-Modified-Since request-header field is used with a method to make it conditional: if the requested variant has not been modified since the time specified in this field, an entity will not be returned from the server; instead, a 304 ( not modified ) response will be returned without any message-body
        
        .
        
        If-Match
        
        The If-Match request-header field is used with a method to make it conditional
        
        .
        
        Max-Forwards
        
        The Max-Forwards request-header field provides a mechanism with the TRACE and OPTIONS methods to limit the number of proxies or gateways that can forward the request to the next inbound server
        
        .
        
        Host
        
        The Host request-header field specifies the Internet host and port number of the resource being requested, as obtained from the original URI given by ther user or referring resource ( generally an HTTP URL )
        
        .
        
        From
        
        The From request-header field, if given, SHOULD contain an Internet e-mail address for the human user who controls the requesting user agent
        
        .
        
        Prama
        
        The Pragma general-header field is used to include implementation-specific directives that might apply to any recipient along the request/response chain
        
        .
        
        Expires
        
        The Expires entity-header field gives the date/time after which the response is considered stale
        
        .
        
        Expect
        
        The Expect request-header field is used to indicate that particular server behaviors are required by the client
        
        .
        
        Proxy-Authenticate
        
        The Proxy-Authenticate response-header field MUST be included as part of a 407 ( Proxy Authentication Required ) response
        
        .
        
        ETag
        
        The ETag response-header field provides the current value of the entity tag for the requested variant
        
        .
        
        Date
        
        The Date general-header field represents the date and time at which the message was originated
        
        .
        
        Proxy-Authorization
        
        The Proxy-Authorization request-header field allows the client to identify itself ( or its user ) to a proxy whcih requires authentication
        
        .
        
        Content-Type
        
        The Content-Type entity-header field indicates the media type of the entity-body sent to the recipient or, in the case of the HEAD method, the media type that would have been sent had the request been a GET
        
        .
        
        Content-Range
        
        The Content-Range entity-header is sent with a partial entity-body to specify where in the full entity-body the partial body should be applied
        
        .
        
        Range
        
        Byte Ranges
        
        Since all HTTP entities are represented in HTTP messages as sequences of bytes, the concept of a byte range is meaningful for any HTTP entity
        
        Range Retrieval Requests
        
        HTTP retrieval requests using conditional or uncoditional GET methods MAY request one or more sub-ranges of the entity, instead of the entire entity, using the Range request header, which applies to the entity returned as the result of the request:
        Range = "Range" ":" ranges-specifier
        
        .
        
        Content-MD5
        
        The Content-MD5 entity-header field is a MD5 digest of the entity-body for the purpose of providing an end-to-end message integrity check ( MIC ) of the entity-body
        
        .
        
        Content-Location
        
        The Content-Location entity-header field MAY be used to supply the resource location for the entity ecnlosed in the message whtn that entity is accessible from a location separate from the requested resource's URI
        
        .
        
        Content-Length
        
        The Content-Length entity-header field indicates the size of the entity-body, in decimal number of OCTETs, sent to the recipient or, in the case of the HEAD method, the isze of the entity-body that would have been sent had the request been a GET
        
        .
        
        Content-Language
        
        The Content-Language entity-header field describes the natural language(s) of the intended audience for the enclosed entity
        
        .
        
        Referer
        
        The Referer[sic] request-header field allows the client to specify, for the server's benefit, the address ( URI ) of the resource from which the Request-URI was obtained
        
        .
        
        Content-Encoding
        
        The Content-Encoding entity-header field is used as a modifier to the media-type
        
        .
        
        Connection
        
        The Connection general-header field allows the sender to specify options that are desired for that particular connection and MUST not be communicated by proxies over further connections
        
        .
        
        Retry-After
        
        The Retry-After response-header field cna be used wiht a 503 ( Service Unavailable ) response to indaicate how long the service is acpected to be unavailable to the requesting client
        
        .
        
        Cache-Control
        
        The Cache-Control general-header field is used to specify directives that MUST be obeyed by all caching mechanism along the request/response chain
        
        .
        
        Authorization
        
        A user agent that wishes to authenticate itself with a server--usually, but not necessarily, afte receiving a 401 response--does so by including an Authorization request-header field with the request
        
        .
        
        Server
        
        The Server response-header field contains information about the software used by the origin server to handle request
        
        .
        
        Allow
        
        The Allow entity-header field lists the set of methods supported by the resource identified by the Request-URI
        
        .
        
        Age
        
        The Age response-header field conveys the sender's estimate of the amount of time since the responce ( or its revalidation ) was generated at the origin server
        
        .
        
        TE
        
        The TE request-header field indicates what extension transfer-codings it si willing to accept in the response and whether or not is willingto accept trailer fields in a chuncked transfer-coding
        
        .
        
        Accept-Ranges
        
        The Accept-Ranges response-header field allows the server to indicate its acceptance of range requests for a resource
        
        .
        
        Accept-Language
        
        The Accept-Language request-header field is similar to Accept, but restricts the set of natural languages that are preferred as a response to the request
        
        .
        
        Trailer
        
        The Trailer general field value indicates that the given set of header fields is present in the trailer of a message encoded with chunked transfer-coding
        
        .
        
        Accept-Encoding
        
        The Accept-Encoding request-header field is similar to Accept, but restricts the content-codings that are acceptable in the responce
        
        .
        
        Accept-Charset
        
        The Accept-Charset request-header field can be used to indicate what character sets are acceptable for the response.
        
        .
        
        Transfer-Encoding
        
        The Transfer-Encoding general-header field indicates what ( if any ) type of transformation has been applied to the message body in order to safely transfer it between the sender and the recipient
        
        .
        
        Accept
        
        The Accept request-header field can be used to specify certain media types which are acceptable for the response. Accept headers can be used to indicate that the request is specifically limited to a small set of desired types, as in the case of a request for an in-line image
        
        .
        
        Upgrade
        
        The Upgrade general-header allow the client to specify what additional communication protocols it supports and whould like to use if the server finds it appropriate to switch protocols
        
        .
        
        User-Agent
        
        The User-Agent request-header field contains information about the user agent originating the request
        
        .
        
        Vary
        
        The Vary field value indicates the set of request-header fields that fully determines, while the response is fresh, whether a cache is premitted to use the response to reply to a subsequent reuqest without revalidation
        
        .
        
        Via
        
        The Via general-header field MUST be used by gateways and proxies to indicate the intermediate protocols and recipients between the user agent and the server on requests, and between the origin server and the client on responses
        
        .
        
        Warning
        
        The Warning general-header field is used to carry additional information about the status or transfromation of a message which might not be reflected in the message
        
        .
        
        WWW-Authenticate
        
        The WWW-Authenticate response-header field MUST be included in 401 ( Unauthorized ) response messages
    - - The CGI Request
        
        Request Meta-Variables
        
        Meta-variables contain data about the request passed from the server to the script, and are accessed by the script in a system-defined manner
        
        .
        
        AUTH_TYPE
        
        The AUTH_TYPE vairable identifies any mechanism used by the server to authenticate the user
        
        .
        
        CONTENT_LENGTH
        
        The CONTENT_LENGTH variable contains the size of the message-body attached to the request, if any, in decimal number of octets
        
        .
        
        CONTENT_TYPE
        
        If the request includes a message-body, the CONTENT_TYPE variable is set to the Internet Media Type of the message-body
        
        .
        
        GATEWAY_INTERFACE
        
        The GETWAY_INTERFACE variable MUST be set to the dialiect of CGI geing used by the server to communicate with the script
        
        .
        
        PATH_INFO
        
        The PATH_INFO variable specifies a path to be interpreted by the CGI script
        
        .
        
        PATH_TRANSLATED
        
        The PATH_TRANSLATED variable is derived by taking the PATH_INFO values, parsing it as a local URI in its own right, and performing any virtual-to-physical translation appropriate to map it onto the server's document repository structure
        
        .
        
        QUERY_STRING
        
        The QUIERY_STRING variable contains a URL-encoded search pr parameter string; it provides information to the CGI script to affect or refine the document to be returned by the script
        
        .
        
        REMOTE_ADDR
        
        The REMOTE_ADDR variable MUST be set to the network address of the client sending the request to the server
        
        .
        
        REMOTE_HOST
        
        The REMOTE_HOST variable contains the fully qualified domain name of the client sending the request to the server, if available, otherwise NULL
        
        .
        
        REMOTE_IDENT
        
        The REMOTE_IDENT variable MAY be used to provide identity information reported about the connection by an RFC 1413 ( Identification Protocol ) request to the remote agent, id available
        
        .
        
        REMOTE_USER
        
        The REMOTE_USER variable provides a user identification string supplied by client as part of user authentication
        
        .
        
        REQUEST_METHOD
        
        The REQUEST_METHOD meta-variable MUST be set to the method which should be used by the script to process the request
        
        .
        
        SCRIPT_NAME
        
        The SCRIPT_NAME variable MUST be set to a URI path ( not URL-encoded ) which could identify the CGI script ( rather then the script's output )
        
        .
        
        SERVER_NAME
        
        The SERVER_NAME variable MUST be set to the name of the server host to which the client request is directed
        
        .
        
        SERVER_PORT
        
        The SERVER_PORT variable MUST be set to the TCP/IP port number on which this request is recieved from the client
        
        .
        
        SERVER_PROTOCOL
        
        The SERVER_PROTOCOL variable MUST be set to the name and version of the application protocol used for theis CGI request
        
        .
        
        SERVER_SOFTWARE
        
        The SERVER_SOFTWARE meta-variable MUST be set to the name and version of the information server software making the CGI request ( and running the gateway )
        
        .
        
        Protocol-Specific Meta-Variables
        
        The server SHOULD set meta-variables specific to the protocol and scheme for the request
        
        Request Message-Body
        
        Request data is accessed by the script in a system-defined method; unless defined otherwise, this will be by reading the 'standard input' file descriptor or file handle
        
        Request Methods
        
        The Request Method, as supplied in the REQUEST_METHOD meta-variable, identifies the processing method to be applied by the script in producing a responce
        
        .
        
        Protocol-Specific Methods
        
        The script MAY implement any protocol-specific method, such as HTTP/1.1 PUT and DELETE; it SHOULD check the value of SEVER_PROTOCOL when doing so
        
        .
        
        HEAD
        
        The HEAD method requests the script to do sufficient processing to return the response header fields, without providing a response message-body
        
        .
        
        POST
        
        The POST method is used to request the script perform processing and produce a document based on the data in the request message-body, in addition to meta-variable values
        
        .
        
        GET
        
        The GET methos indicates that the script should produce a document based on the meta-variable values
        
        The Script Command Line
        
        Some sytems support a method for supplying an array of strings to the CGI script. This is only used in the case of an 'indexed' HTTP query, which is identified by a 'GET' or 'HEAD' request with a URI query string that does not contain any unencoded "=" characters
    - - URL
        Uniform Resource Locators
        
        HTTP Scheme
        
        http://<host>:<port>/<path>?<searchpart>
  - - - TCP EFSM/SDL Model
        = ( S, S0, E, f, O, V )
        
        States ( S )
        
        FIN-WAIT-1
        
        FIN-WAIT-2
        
        ESTABLISHED
        
        CLOSING
        
        SYS-RCVD
        
        CLOSE-WAIT
        
        SYS-SENT
        
        LAST-ACK
        
        LISTEN
        
        TIME-WAIT
        
        CLOSED
        
        }
        
        {
        
        Initial State ( s0 )
        
        {CLOSED}
        
        LINK
        
        Link to article
        
        Events ( E )
        
        Arriving Segments ( service events )
        
        {SEGMENT ARRIVE ( SYN, ACR, RST, FIN )}
        
        Timeouts ( interval events )
        
        TIME-WAIT TIMEOUT
        
        USER-TIME TIMEOUT
        
        REXMT TIMEOUT
        
        }
        
        {
        
        User Calls ( subscriber events )
        
        SEND
        
        Passive OPEN
        
        Active OPEN
        
        RECEIVE
        
        CLOSE
        
        ABORT
        
        {
        
        }
        
        Transition Function ( f )
        
        {described in the SDL figures below}
        
        TCP 3-Way Handshake
        SYN-SYN-ACK
        
        Host B
        
        Passive OPEN
        create TCB
        send: ---
        # #
        
        LISTEN
        recv: SYN
        ACK: X + 1
        SEQ: Y
        send: SYN, ACK, SEQ
        #
        
        SYN-RCVD
        recv: ACK
        send: ---
        #
        
        Host A
        
        :checkered_flag: Active OPEN
        create TCB
        SEQ: X
        send: SYN, SEQ
        # #
        
        SYN-SENT
        recv: SYN, ACK, SEQ
        ACK: Y + 1
        send: ACK
        #
        
        ESTABLISHED :check:
        
        LINK
        
        Link to article
        
        ACK = 20 indicating that host has recieved bytes 0 through 19 and expects byte 20 next
        
        Output Signals ( O )
        
        Signal User ( message )
        
        Segment ( SEG )
        
        Return Error ( error message )
        
        }
        
        Return ( message )
        
        {
        
        Variables ( V )
        
        Segment Variables
        
        SEG.LEN: segment length
        
        SEG.WND: segment window ( Reciever Advertised Window )
        
        SEG.ACK: segment acknowledgment number
        
        SEG.CTL: control bits ( ACK, RST, SYN, FIN )
        
        SEG.SEQ: segment sequence number
        
        Send Sequence Variables
        
        SND.NXT: send next
        
        SND.WND: send window
        
        SND.UNA: send unacknowledge
        
        ISS: initial receive sequence number
        
        Recieve Sequence Variables
        
        RCV.WND: receive window
        
        IRS: initial receive sequence number
        
        RCV.NXT: receive next
        
        Timers
        
        TIMEWAIT: Time-wait Timer
        
        USERTIME: User Timer
        
        REXMT: Retransmission Timer
        
        Counters
        
        ExpBoff: exponential backoff counter
        
        dACK: duplicate ACK counter
        
        Other
        
        SRTT: Smoothed RTT - used to calculate RTO
        
        CWND - Congestion window
        
        RTT: Round Trip Time - used to calculate RTO
        
        MSS: Maximum Segemnt Size
        
        RTO: Retransmission Timer Out value
        
        SSthresh: Slow Start Threshold
        
        PevState: Previous State
        
        MSL: Maximum Segment Lifetime
        
        CurrState: Current State
        
        Buffers
        
        OO RCV Buffer: Out of Order Receive Buffer [referred to in the table as RexQ
        
        Rexmt Queue: Holds sent but unacknowledged segments [referred to in the table as RexQ]
        
        RCV Buffer: Receive Buffer [referred to in the table as RBuff]
        
        User Calls Queue: Holds outstanding user calls ( e.g., SEND, RECEIVE, CLOSE ) [referred to in the table as UCallsQ]
        
        Send Buffer: Send Buffer [reffered to in the table as SBuff]
      - TCP Reno
      - RFC793
      - Provides
        
        Stream data transfer
        
        Reliability
        
        Efficient flow control
        
        Full-duplex operation
        
        Multiplexing
      - The TCP provides reliable transmission of data in an IP enviroment
      - TCP Packet
        
        Source Port and Destination Port - Identifies points at which upper-layer source and destination processes receive TCP services
        
        Sequence Number - Usually specifies the number addigned to the first byte of data in the current message. In the connection-establishment phase, this field also can be used to identify an initial sequence number to be used in an upcoming transmission
        
        Acknowledgment Number - Contains the sequence number of the next byte of data the sender of the packet expects to receive
        
        Data Offset - Indicates the number of 32-bit words in the TCP header
        
        Reserved - Remains reserved for future use
        
        Flags - Carries a variety of control information, including the SYN and ACK bits used for connection establishment, and the FIN bit used for connection termination
        
        Window - Specifies the size of the sender's receive window ( that is, the buffer space available for incoming data )
        
        Checksum - Indicates whether the header was damaged in transit
        
        Urgent Pointer - Points to the first urgent data byte in the packet
        
        Options - Specifies various TCP options
        
        Data - Contains upper-layer information
      - Features
        
        Обмен данными осуществляется между процессами, а не машинами
        
        Процесс - экземляр запущенной программы
        
        Для установки соедеинения набходим IP адрес сервера и номер порта, который использует процесс на этом сервере
        
        Установленное соединение млжет быть использовано как обычный канал UNIX ( это напоминает случай файла, открытого на чтение и запись одновременно )
      - Terms
        
        Сервер
        
        Узел
        
        Порт
        
        Сетевой демон, сервис, служба
        
        Хост
        
        Виртуальный хост
        
        Провайдер
        
        Хостинг-провайдер ( хостер )
        
        Хостинг
        
        Виртуальный сервер
        
        Сайт
        
        HTML-документ
        
        Страница ( или HTML-страница )
        
        Скрипт, сценарий
        
        Web-программирование
      - URL - Universal Resource Locator
    - - Primary Responsibilities
        
        Providing connectionless, best-effort delivery of datagrams through an internetwork
        
        Providing fragmentation and reassembly of datagrams to support data links with different maximum-transmission unit ( MTU ) sizes
      - Fourteen fields comprise an IP packet
        IP Header Length - 32 bit
        
        Fragment Offset - Indicates the position of the fragment's data relative to the beginning of the data in the original datagram, which allows the destination IP process to property reconstruct the original datagram
        
        Options - Allows IP to support various options, such as security
        
        Flag - Consists of a 3-bit field of which the two low-order ( least-significant ) bits control fragmentation. The low-order bit specifies whether the packet can be fragmented. The middle bit specifies whether the packet is the last fragment is a series of fragmented packets. The third or high-order bit is not used
        
        Time-to-Live - Maintains a counter that gradually decrements down to zero, at which point the datagram is discarded. This keeps packets from looping endlessly.
        
        Identification - Contains an integer that identifies the current datagram. This field is used to help piece together datagram fragments
        
        Protocol - Indicates which upper-layer protocol receives incoming packets after IP processing is complete
        
        Total Length - Specifies the length, in bytes, of the entire IP packet, including the data and header
        
        Data - Contains upper-layer information
        
        Type-of-Service - Specifies how an upper-layer protocol would like a current datagram to be handled, and assigns datagrams various levels of importance
        
        Header Checksum - Helps ensure IP header integrity
        
        IP Header Length ( IHL ) - Indicates the datagram header length in 32-bit words
        
        Source Address - Specifies the sending node
        
        Version - Indicates the version of IP currently used
        
        Destination Address - Specifies the receiving node
      - IP Adressing
        
        The IP addressing scheme is integral to the process of routing IP datagtams through an internalnetwork
        
        Each IP address has specific components and follows a basic format
        
        Each host on an IPv4 network is assigned a unique 32-bit logical address that is divided into two main parts: the network number and the host humber
        
        IP Address Format
        
        The 32-bit IP address is grouped eight bits at a time, separated by dots, and represented in decimal format ( known as dotted decimal notaion )
        
        Each bit in the octet has a binary weight
        ( 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 )
        
        The minimum value for an octet is 0, and the maximum value for an octet is 255
      - IP Adress Classes
        
        A
        
        N.H.H.H
        0
        1.0.0.0 to 126.0.0.0
        
        B
        
        N.N.H.H
        10
        128.1.0.0 to 191.254.0.0
        
        The left-most ( hight-order ) bits indicate the network class
        
        C
        
        N.N.N.H
        110
        192.0.1.0 to 223.255.254.0
        
        Only classes A, B, and C are availbale for commercial use
        
        D
        
        N/A
        1110
        224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
        
        E
        
        N/A
        1111
        240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.255
      - IP Subnet Mask
        
        :!: Subnet mask bits should come from the high-order ( left-most ) bits of the host field
        
        The router performs a logical AND operation to obtain the network number
        
        The subnet mask has binary 1s in all bits specifying the network and subnetwork fields, and binary 0s in all bits specifying the host field
      - LINK
        
        Link to article
    - - Протол TCP/IP устроен так, что ог способен выбрать оптимальный путь распространения сигнала между хостами
      - При передаче данные разбиваются на фрагменты
      - Передоваемая информация представляется в виде потока
      - Корректная доставка данных до места назанчения гарантируется
    - - The ICMP is a network-layer Internet protocol that provides message packets to report errors and other information regarding IP packet processing back to the source
      - Messages
        
        Router Solicitaion
        
        Echo Request
        
        A message, which is generated by the ping command, is sent by any host to test node reachability across an internetwork
        
        Echo Reply
        
        Redirect
        
        A message is sent by the router to the source host to stimulate more efficient routing
        
        Time Exceeded
        
        A message is sent by the router if an IP packet's Time-to-Live field reaches zero
        
        Router Advertisement
        
        Destination Unreachable
        
        Host-unreachable
        
        Protocol-unreachable
        
        Port-unreachable
        
        Network-unreachable
    - - For two machines on a given network to communicate, they must know the other machine's physical ( or MAC ) addresses
      - After receiving a MAC-layer address, IP devices create an ARP cache to store the recently acqired IP-to-MAC address mapping
      - $ arp
- - - - 0
        
        1
        
        1
        
        0
        
        0
        
        1
        
        0
      - 1
        
        1
        
        0
        
        1
        
        0
        
        1
        
        0
    - - 0
        
        0
        
        0
        
        1
        
        1
        
        0
        
        1
      - 1
        
        0
        
        0
        
        1
        
        1
        
        0
        
        1
  - - - 1000 = -8 1001 = -7 1010 = -6 1011 = -5 1100 = -4 1101 = -3 1110 = -2 1111 = -1 0000 = 0 0001 = 1 0010 = 2 0011 = 3 0100 = 4 0101 = 5 0110 = 6 0111 = 7
    - - - 8 + 5 = - 2
        
        1000 + 0101 ______ 1101
      - 5 + - 3 = 2
        
        0101 + 1101 ______ 1|0010
    - - 5 -> -5
        
        ~ 0101 -> 1010 1010 + 1 ______ 1011 1011 = -5
      - 3 -> -3
        
        ~ 0011 -> 1100 1100 + 1 ______ 1101 1101 = -3
  - - - 0123456789ABCDEF
        
        1 2 4 8 10 20 40 80 100 200 400 800 1000
    - - 2^0 2^1 2^2 2^3 2^4 2^5 2^6 2^7 2^8 2^9 2^10 2^11 2^12
    - - 01
        
        0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 0000 0100 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 0000 0100 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000 0010 0000 0000 0000 0100 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0000 0000
      - bit
        binary ditgit
    - - 01234567
        
        1 2 4 10 20 40 100 200 400 1000 2000 4000 10000
    - - 0123456789
        
        1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 2048 4096
  - - - 253 - 176 =
        
        999 - 176 = 823 253 + 823 = 1076 1076 + 1 = 1077 1077 - 1000 = 77
        = 77
      - 176 - 253 =
        
        999 - 253 = 746 746 + 176 = 922 922 - 999 = - ( 999 - 922 ) = -77
        = -77
      - 253 - 176 =
        
        1111 1101 - 1011 0000 ___________ ???? ???? 1111 1111 - 1011 0000 ___________ 0100 1111 1111 1101 + 0100 1111 ___________ 1 0100 1100 1 0100 1100 + 1 ___________ 1 0100 1101 1 0100 1101 - 1 0000 0000 _____________ 0100 1101 1111 1101 - 1011 0000 ___________ 0100 1101
        
        0100 1101 = 77
        = 77
      - 176 - 253 =
        
        1011 0000 - 1111 1101 ___________ ???? ???? 1111 1111 - 1111 1101 ___________ 0000 0010 1011 0000 + 0000 0010 ___________ 1011 0010 1011 0010 - 1111 1111 ___________ => 1111 1111 - 1011 0010 ___________ 0100 1101 1011 0000 - 1111 1101 ___________ - 0100 1101
        
        - 0100 1101 = - 77
        = - 77
- - - - Web application entry script file
  - - - entry script file for the functional tests
  - - - .
        
        .
        
        .
        
        containing published resource files
        
        this directory holds published asset files. An asset file is a private file that may be published to become accessible to Web users. This directory must be writable by Web server process. It can be customized via CAssetManager::basePath
  - - - containing CSS files
  - - - containing image files
  - - - .
        
        .
        
        containing application themes
        
        this directory holds various themes that can be applied to the application. Each subdirectory represents a single theme whose name is the subdirectory name. It can be customized via CThemeManager::basePath
  - - - .
        
        .
        
        .
        
        .
        
        containing protected application files
        
        this is the application base directory holding all security-sensitive PHP scripts and data files. Yii has a default alias named application associated with this path. This directory and everything under should be protected from being accessed by Web users. It can be customized via CWebApplication::basePath
      - .
        
        yiic
        
        yiic command line script for Unix/Linux
      - .
        
        yiic.bat
        
        yiic command line sript for Windows
      - .
        
        yiic.php
        
        yiic command line PHP script
      - .
        
        commands/
        
        containing customized 'yiic' commands
        
        .
        
        shell/
        
        containing customized 'yiic shell' commands
      - .
        
        components/
        
        containing reusable user components
        
        .
        
        Controller.php
        
        the base class for all controller classes
        
        .
        
        UserIdentity.php
        
        the 'UserIdentity' class used for authentication
      - .
        
        config/
        
        containing configuration files
        
        .
        
        console.php
        
        the console application configuration
        
        .
        
        main.php
        
        the Web application configuration
        
        .
        
        test.php
        
        the configuration for the functional tests
      - .
        
        controllers/
        
        .
        
        .
        
        .
        
        containing controller class files
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        SiteController.php
        
        the default controller class
      - .
        
        data/
        
        .
        
        schema.mysql.sql
        
        the DB schema for the sample MySQL database
        
        .
        
        schema.sqlite.sql
        
        the DB schema for the sample SQLite database
        
        .
        
        testdrive.db
        
        the sample SQLite database file
        
        containing the sample database
      - .
        
        extensions/
        
        .
        
        .
        
        containing third-party extensions
        
        this directory holds all third-party extensions. It can be customized via CApplication::extensionPath. Yii has a default alias named ext associatedd with this path
      - .
        
        messages/
        
        containing translated messages
      - .
        
        models/
        
        containing model class files
        
        .
        
        LoginForm.php
        
        the form model for 'login' action
        
        .
        
        ContactForm.php
        
        the form modek for 'contact' action
      - .
        
        runtime/
        
        .
        
        .
        
        .
        
        containing temporarily generated files
        
        1 more item...
      - .
        
        tests/
        
        containing test scripts
      - .
        
        views/
        
        .
        
        .
        
        .
        
        containing controller view and layout files
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        layouts/
        
        .
        
        .
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        main.php
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        column1.php
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        column2.php
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        site/
        
        contining view files for the 'site' controller
        
        .
        
        pages/
        
        2 more items...
        
        .
        
        contact.php
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        error.php
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        index.php
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        login.php
        
        1 more item...
        
        .
        
        ControllerID/
        
        this directory holds view files for a single controller class. Here ControllerID stands for the ID of the controller. It can be customized via CController::viewPath
        
        system/
        
        this directory holds all system view files. System views are templates used in displaying exceptions add errors. It can be customized via CWebApplication::systemViewPath
      - .
        
        modules/
        
        this directory holds all application modules, each represented as a budirectory
- - - - assetManager: CAssetManager
        
        manage the publishing of private asset files
  - - - authManger: CAuthManager
        
        manages role-based access control ( RBAC )
  - - - cache: CCache
        
        provides data caching functionality. Note, you must specify the actual class ( e.g. CMemCache, CDbCache ). Otherwise, null will ber returned when you access this component
  - - - clientScript: CClientScript
        
        manges client scripts ( javascritp and CSS )
  - - - coreMessage: CPhpMessageSource
        
        provides translated messages used by Yii framework
  - - - db: CDbConnection
        
        provides the database connection. Note,you must configure its connectionString property in order to use this component
  - - - errorHandler: CErrorHandler
        
        handles uncaught PHP errors and exceptions
  - - - format: CFormatter
        
        formats data values for display purpose
  - - - messages: CPhpMessageSource
        
        provides translated messages used by Yii application
  - - - request: CHttpRequest
        
        provides information related with user requests
  - - - securityManager: CSecurityManager
        
        provides security-related services, such as hashing, encryption
  - - - session: CHttpSession
        
        provides session-related functionalitites
  - - - statePersister: CStatePersister
        
        provides global state persistence method
  - - - ulrManager: CUrlManager
        
        provides URL parsing adn creation functionality
  - - - user: CWebUser
        
        represents the identity information of the current user
  - - - themeManager: CThemeManager
        
        manages themes
- - - - alias of CBooleanValidator, ensuring the attribute has a value that is either CBooleanValidator :: trueValue or CBooleanValidator :: false value
  - - - alias of CCaptchaValidator, ensuting the attribute is equal to the verification code displayed in a CAPTCHA
  - - - alias of CCompareValidator, ensuring the attribute is equal to another attribute or constant
  - - - alias of CEmailValidator, ensuring the attribute is a valid email address
  - - - alias of CExistValidator, ensuring the attribute value can be found in the specified table column
  - - - alias of CFileValidator, ensuring the attribute contains the name of an uploaded file
  - - - alias of CFilterValidator, transforming the attribute with a filter
  - - - alias of CRangeValidator, ensuring the data is among a pre-specified list of values
  - - - alias of CStringValidator, ensuring the lenght of the data is within certain range
  - - - alias of CRegularExpressionValidator, ensuring the data matches a regular expression
  - - - alias of CNumberValidator, ensuring the data is a valid number
  - - - alias of CRequiredValidator, ensuring the attribute is not empty
  - - - alias of CTypeValidator, ensuring the attribute is of specific data type
  - - - alias of CUniqueValidator, ensuring the data is unique in a database table column
  - - - alias of CUrlValidator, ensuring the data is valid URL
- - - - represent a connection to a database
  - - - represents an SQL statement to execute against a database
  - - - represents a forward-only stream of rows from a query result set
  - - - represents a DB transaction
- - - - application
        
        .
        
        application/postscript
        
        .
        
        application/pdf
        
        .
        
        application/ogg
        
        .
        
        application/octet-stream
        
        .
        
        application/javascript
        
        .
        
        application/json
        
        .
        
        application/EDIFACT
        
        .
        
        application/EDI-X12
        
        .
        
        application/atom+xml
        
        .
        
        application/soap+xml
        
        .
        
        application/font-woff
        
        .
        
        application/xhtml+xml
        
        .
        
        application/xml-dtd
        
        .
        
        application/xop+xml
        
        .
        
        application/zip
        
        .
        
        application/gzip
        
        .
        
        application/x-bittorrent
        
        .
        
        application/x-tex
        
        .
        
        application/xml
  - - - audio
        
        .
        
        audio/basic
        
        .
        
        audio/L24
        
        .
        
        audio/mp4
        
        .
        
        audio/aac
        
        .
        
        audio/mpeg
        
        .
        
        audio/ogg
        
        .
        
        audio/vorbis
        
        .
        
        audio/x-ms-wma
        
        .
        
        audio/x-ms-wax
        
        .
        
        audio/vnd.rn-realaudio
        
        .
        
        audio/vnd.wave
        
        .
        
        audio/webm
  - - - image
        
        .
        
        image/gif
        
        .
        
        image/jpeg
        
        .
        
        image/pjpeg
        
        .
        
        image/png
        
        .
        
        image/svg+xml
        
        .
        
        image/tiff
        
        .
        
        image/vnd.microsoft.icon
        
        .
        
        image/vnd.wap.wbmp
        
        .
        
        image/webp
  - - - message
        
        .
        
        message/http
        
        .
        
        message/imdn+xml
        
        .
        
        message/partial
        
        .
        
        message/rfc822
  - - - model
        
        .
        
        model/example
        
        .
        
        model/iges
        
        .
        
        model/mesh
        
        .
        
        model/vrml
        
        .
        
        model/x3d+binary
        
        .
        
        model/x3d+vrml
        
        .
        
        model/x3d+xml
  - - - multipart
        
        .
        
        multipart/mixed
        
        .
        
        multipart/alternative
        
        .
        
        multipart/related
        
        .
        
        multipart/form-data
        
        .
        
        multipart/signed
        
        .
        
        multipart/encrypted
  - - - text
        
        .
        
        text/cmd
        
        .
        
        text/css
        
        .
        
        text/csv
        
        .
        
        text/html
        
        .
        
        text/javascript
        
        .
        
        text/plain
        
        .
        
        text/php
        
        .
        
        text/xml
        
        .
        
        text/markdown
        
        .
        
        text/cache-manifest
  - - - video
        
        .
        
        video/mpeg
        
        .
        
        video/mp4
        
        .
        
        video/ogg
        
        .
        
        video/quicktime
        
        .
        
        video/webm
        
        .
        
        video/x-ms-wmv
        
        .
        
        video/x-flv
        
        .
        
        video/3gpp
        
        .
        
        video/3gpp2
  - - - vnd
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.mx-excel
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
        
        .
        
        application/msword
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.mozzilla.xul+xml
        
        .
        
        application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml
  - - - x
        
        .
        
        application/x-www-form-urlencoded
        
        .
        
        application/x-dvi
        
        .
        
        application/x-latex
        
        .
        
        application/x-font-ttf
        
        .
        
        application/x-shockwave-flash
        
        .
        
        application/x-stuffit
        
        .
        
        application/x-rar-compressed
        
        .
        
        application/x-tar
        
        .
        
        application/x-jquery-tmpl
        
        .
        
        application/x-javascript
  - - - x-pkcs
        
        .
        
        application/x-pkcs12
        
        .
        
        application/x-pkcs7-certificates
        
        .
        
        application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp
        
        .
        
        application/x-pkcs7-mime
        
        .
        
        application/x-pkcs7-signature