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DISORDERS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM (RISK FACTORS (Occupation where a…
DISORDERS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
NURSING MANAGEMENT
Protect healthy skin from maceration
Maintain skin integrity by protecting healthy skin from macerations, remove moisture from skin by blotting gently and avoiding friction
Relief discomfort by administering analgesics, place patient in a comfortable position, reduce pressure from dressings.
administer fluids if necessary
Provide therapeutic baths
Bath patient using mild lipid- free soap or soap substitutes
Prevent secondary infection by always wearing PPE when handling patients to prevent the further dissemination of infection.
Administer topical and systemic medications
Apply dressings if necessary
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Intralesional corticosteriods for anti inflammatory action
Incision and drainage of large fluctuant
Cutting or excision of the skin inorder to remove tissue
Use of high- energy radiation to kill or stop the therapy growth of cancer cells
RISK FACTORS
Occupation where a person is exposed to chemicals
Environmental factors such as prolonged exposure to ultra violet rays of the sun
Life style such as lack of exercise, alcohol consumption and smoking
Poor nutrition
Genetic factors such as albinism
Poor personal hygiene
Ageing process
Certain systemic diseases
Medication that sometimes leads to allergies
HEALTH EDUCATION
Encourage patients to drink at least 8 glasses of water per day
Eat a balanced diet
Regular exercise such as walking and gardening
Avoid exposure to ultra violet rays
Always apply emollient creams or lotion immediately after dry, never leave skin to dry
Use tepid water and mild soaps
Prevent injuries, never walk without shoes
Encourage personal hygiene
Report any changes to skin, new growths or changes
DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES
Swab specimen in order to determine the causative organism
Scrapings from skin to determine correct sytemic or topical therapy
Diascopy inorder to reveal shape of underlying lesion
Blood tests such as ESR
Photographs to establish a record of nature and extent of skin conditions and monitor progress
Skin biopsy to distinguish between malignancy and benign tumours
Patch testing to identify responsible allergen if rash or skin lesion is of an allergic nature
Woods light examination to identify bacterial yeast and fungal infection
SYMPTOMS
Itching
Burning sensation
Skin eruption
Excessive sweating
Thinning of the skin
Bleeding
Pains
Exudates
Systemic manifestations such as cough, shortness of breath
ASSESSMENT AND COMMON FINDINGS
Found out if patient is drinking alcohol or not
Health history- Ask for any other systemic conditions such as DM or injuries as they meal lead skin to be more prone to diseases
Current and previous medication: ask if patient is taking any medication because some of them reacts towards them.
Dietary intake: some conditions are due to lack of sufficient nutrients and allergies leading to loss of skin integrity
Occupation: ask the patients occupation because some of them are more exposed to chemicals and ultra violet rays of the sun
Ask the patients age because some conditions are due to ageing process
DEFINITION
Skin disorders refers to numerous and range from minor afflictions to more serious conditions. they can be cured only few of them are life threatening.
CAUSES
Bacteria, streptococci
Skin injury
Hypersensitivity reactions
Fungus
Parasitic infestations