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MALIGNANT SKIN TUMOURS ((PathophysiologyOverexposure to sun leads to the…

- - - - • The lesion caused by Squamous Cell Carcinoma is often asymptomatic
      - • Ulcer or reddish skin plaque that is slow growing
      - • Intermittent bleeding from the tumor, especially on the lip
      - • The clinical appearance is highly variable
      - • Usually the tumor presents as an ulcerated lesion with hard, raised edges
      - • The tumor may be in the form of a hard plaque or a papule, often with an opalescent quality, with tiny blood vessels
      - • The tumor can lie below the level of the surrounding skin, and eventually ulcerates and invades the underlying tissue
      - • The tumor commonly presents on sun-exposed areas (e.g. back of the hand, scalp, lip, and superior surface of pinna)
      - • On the lip, the tumor forms a small ulcer, which fails to heal and bleeds intermittently
      - • Evidence of chronic skin photodamage, such as multiple actinic keratoses (solar keratoses)
      - • The tumor grows relatively slowly
      - Risk factors
        Ultraviolet radiation, actinic keratosis, lighter skin, arsenic exposure, radiation therapy, poor immune system function, HPV infection.
        
        Surgical management
        Treatment is surgical removal and radiation.
- - - - Risk factors Fair skin,A history of sunburn, Excessive ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, Living closer to the equator or at a higher elevation, Having many moles or unusual moles, A family history of melanoma and Weakened immune system.
    - - Health education
        To prevent the above mentioned skin tumours people need to be educated about them in order to avoid unnecessary exposure to the sun. Protection can be used such as hats, long sleeved tops and long trousers People must be in use of lotions and sunscreens with a solar protective factor (SPF).