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Major Crops - Grain & Non Grain (Millets (Important millet crops of…
Major Crops - Grain & Non Grain
Maize
Used as food & fodder
It is a kharif crop
Requirements:
Temperature 21C - 27 C
Grows well in old alluvial soil
In Bihar, maize is grown in Rabi season also
Use of HYV seeds, fertilizers, irrigation have increased production
Produced by
UP, MP, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Telengana, Karnataka
Millets
Important millet crops of India are j
owar, bajra & ragi
They are coarse grains with high nutritional value
Jowar
is the third most important food crop
It is a rain fed crop - grown in moist areas and hardly needs irrigation
Produced by Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, MP, Maharashtra
Bajra
grows in sandy soil & black soil
Produced by Maharashtra, Haryana, UP, Rajastha, Gujarat
Ragi
grows in dry regions
It can grow in red, black, sandy, loamy soils
Produced by
Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Sikkim
High in iron, calcium, roughage
Pulses
India is the largest producer & consumer of pulses
Major source of protein for vegetarians
Major pulses grown in India are tur (arhar), urad, moong, masur, peas & gram
Rabi season - peas & gram. Kharif season - others
All the crops are leguminous except tur (arhar)
These crops increase fertility of the soil by fixing nitrogen
So they are grown in rotation with other crops
Produced by UP, MP, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Karnataka
Sugarcane (Non-grain)
India is the second largest producer after Brazil
It is the main source of sugar, gur (jaggery), khandsar, molasses
Requirements:
Hot, humid climate with temperature of 21 C - 27 C
Annual rainfall 75cm - 100cm
Irrigation is required in regions of low rainfall
Needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting
Produced by
Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telengana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
It is a kharif crop