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communicable diseases (Pathogen -mode of action damaging the host tissues…

- - - - Basic shape
        
        They may be rod shaped, spherical, comma shaped, spiralled and corkscrew
      - Cell wall
        
        The two different structures react differently to gram staining.
        
        Gram positive bacteria look purple-blue under a light microscope
        
        Gram negative bacteria appear red
  - - - Viruses reproduce rapidly and evolve by developing adaptations to their host
  - - - They include single celled organisms and cells grouped into colonies
      - Small percentage act as pathogens causing devastating communicable diseases in animals and plants
    - - Pathogenic protists may need a vector to transfer them to their host
  - - - often multicellular
      - yeast which causes human diseases such as thrush are single-celled
    - - however some fungi are parasitic feeding on living plants and animals
        
        These are the fungi which cause communicable diseases
- - - - it stunts the growth and reduces the yield
  - - - The hyphae penetrate host cells, destroying leaves, tubers and fruit
- - - - The virus then uses the host cell to make new viruses
        
        they then burst out of the cell, destroying it and then spread to infect other cells
  - - - They simply digest and use the cell content as they reproduce
        
        proctisti which cause malaria are an example of this
  - - - This combined with the response of the body to the damage caused by the fungus gives the symptoms of disease
  - - - some damage the cell membranes
      - some damage or inactivate enzymes
- - - - It can spread to the rest of the body causing septicaemia (blood poisoning) and rapid death
        
        It affects very young children