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Learning Theories Link: Video Commentary (Constructivist Theory by…
Learning Theories
Link: Video Commentary
Constructivist Theory
by Jerome Bruner
View of Knowledge
Everyone has a database of past and current knowledge
Cognitive structure gives meaning and organization
View of Learning
Student relies on cognitive structure to learn
Student must feel they are ready to learn
Student should discover concepts by themselves
How Informs Instruction
Find most effective sequences to teach students the concepts
Structure material so it is easily grasped by students
Translate information to students' current level of understanding
Genetic Epistemology
by Jean Piaget
View of Knowledge
Knowledge corresponds to stages of child development
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational
View of Learning
Learning activities need to cater to current stage of development
Students should be engaged and challenged in the classroom
How Informs Instruction
Instructors must pre-determine the developmental level of their class
Are adult students considered Formal Operational?
Social Development Theory
by Lev Vygotsky
View of Knowledge
Full cognitive development requires social interaction
Age imposes a limit on cognitive development
View of Learning
Zone of Proximal Development
What can the student do with help?
Learners work together to attain knowledge
How Informs Instruction
Student-Student interactions
Teacher-Student interactions
Class discussions
Active learning techniques
Experiential Learning
by Carl Rogers
View of Knowledge
Academic knowledge (memorizing facts)
Applied knowledge (useful skills)
View of Learning
Cognitive (meaningless learning)
Experiential (significant learning)
Self-initiated learning is most pervasive
How Informs Instruction
Address the wants and needs of the learner
Instructor is a facilitator of learning
Material should be relevant to students' lives
References
Link: Education Theory
Link: How Students Learn
Link: Learning Theories
