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Liver Cirrhosis (Clinical manifastation (Anaemia due to inadequate red…
Liver Cirrhosis
Clinical manifastation
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Hepatic encephalopathy and coma as the liver is unable to remove ammonia that accumulate to level toxic to the brain
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Risk factors
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Autoimmune liver disease (autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis or primary sclerosing cholangitis
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Wilson disease, hemochromatosis and other rare inherited liver diseases
Causes
infection such as hepatitis B, C, and D which are causing inflammation in the liver and low grade damage to the
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Exposure to chemicals such as toxins, smoke, parasitic infections and certain harmful heat.
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pathophysiology
In cirrhosis , the liver varies in appearance. The most prominent feature is a nodular consistency with bands of fibrous scar tissue and small areas of regenerating tissue
The fibrotic changes in the liver distort the hepatic structure, resulting in the obstruction of the splanchnic veins and portal blood flow
this obstruction causes problem such as fluid retention, increasing oedema, ascites and hydrothorax
The portal pressure increases and this together with congestion of splanchnic veins results in splenomegaly and altered functioning of the spleen, which can cause leukopenia, thrombocytopeniaand anemia
portal hypertension increases venous pressure, vascular haemostasis, haemorrhoids, varitode vein and oesophogeal varices
The liver fail to metabolise oestrogen, causing gynneacomastia ( enlarged breast ) in males
Healthy information
Avoid infections. Cirrhosis makes it more difficult for you to fight off infections. Protect yourself by washing your hands frequently. Also, get vaccinated for hepatitis A and B, influenza, and pneumonia.
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Eat a low-sodium diet. Excess salt can cause your body to retain fluids, worsening swelling in your abdomen and legs. Use herbs for seasoning your food, rather than salt. Choose prepared foods that are low in sodium.
Don't drink alcohol. Whether your cirrhosis was caused by chronic alcohol use or another disease, avoid alcohol. Drinking alcohol may cause further liver damage.
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Management
Maximise liver function by improving the diet discouraging alcohol intake, controlling infection, encouraging adequate rest
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Defination
Is the complication of the liver disease that involves loss of the liver cells and irreversible scarring of the liver.
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