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accessory organs and digestion (risk factors (invasive procedures (dental…
accessory organs and digestion
risk factors
exposure to hepatitis B and C
invasive procedures
dental procedures
blood transfusion
excessive consumption of alcohol
trauma and illness
excessive use of over the counter medication
herbal remedies
exposure to hepatotoxic substances
infectious agents
bacteria and virus
nursing assessments and common findings
subjective data
abdominal discomfort and pain
abdominal distension and tenderness
general oedema
anorexia, vomiting and nausea
fatty foods intolerance
easy bruising,epistaxis or meleana stools
extreme fatigue due to vomiting
alcohol abuse
change in level of consciousness
excessive use of prescribed drugs
exposure to unhygienic waste disposal
objective data
fidgety movements and tense facial expessions
jaundice
muscle wasting or weight loss
malnutrition
abdomen may be distended, tense and shiny
anxiety , anger and hostility
spider naevi in the arms, shoulder , chest and back
on palpation-muscle guarding and rebound tenderness. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly.
diagnostic tests
blood tests
liver biopsy
radiological and endoscopic procedures
haematological studies
antibodies
autoantibodies