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Agriculture sector in India (Steps by GoI since 2014 (Agriculture Ministry…
Agriculture sector in India
National Commission on Farmers(NCF)
set up by GoI in 2004 to
-for looking into the problems of farm
families
-suggesting methods for
making farming more remunerative
-as well
as attractive to the younger generation.
main aspect:improve the
economic viability of farming, by ensuring minimum net income to farmers==>measure of agricultural progress
Recommendations
Mainstreaming the human and
gender dimension in all farm policies
Explicit attention to sustainable
rural livelihoods
Completing the unfinished
agenda of the land reforms
Develop Social security and Support system for Farmers
Making more Attractive: How?
Making it intellectually stimulating and economically
rewarding:NCF
Confer power of Economies of scale to small/marginal farmers both in production and post-harvest Phases
restructuring agricultural curriculum and pedagogic
methodologies to enable every graduate to become an Entrepreneur
Make India global outsourcing hub for production
Develop sustainable products and processes through Bio tech and ICT
Steps by GoI since 2014
Agriculture Ministry was
designated as "Agriculture and
Farmers' Welfare Ministry"
Soil health card Issued
Allocation of budgetary and non-budgetary resources for micro-irrigation through PMKSY
Conservation of sustainable breeds through Rashtriya Gokul Mission
Promotion of e NAM
Promotion of Grameen agri market for direct sale to consumers in retail and bulk form
Model Agricultural Produce
and Livestock Marketing Act, 2017
electronic
Negotiable Warehouse Receipt system for increased Institutional credit to farm sector
Determination of Minimum Support Price at A2+FL
plus 50%.
-assured procurement through MSP
Integration of protein rich pulses and nutri-rich
milletsinto the welfare programmes OF PDS,
mid-day meals and ICDS
apiculture, mushroom
cultivation, bamboo production, food processing---Agri allied activities to generate jobs and income to families
corpus funds are being set up to complete ongoing irrigation productions
modernise the infrastructure in dairy cooperatives
strengthen the adoption of
inland and marine aquaculture.
National Nutrition Mission with a three
year budget of Rs 9,000 Cr.
Final word
Effectiive Implementation of schemes needed to shape India become the leader in food and Nutrition security
Issues/Concerns
Protecting land, water, biodiversity and climate resources while ensuring productivity, Profitability, and stability of farming systems
creating an economic stake in conservation
Strengthening the biosecurity of crops, farm animals
Fostering community centered food, water, energy security,nutrition security
NABARD: Report
In the context of Doubling Farmer's income by 2022-23
Aberrations in report
It included towns of upto 50,000 population
The report's base year is 2016
-And this year was drought year due to 14% shortage of rainfall
What report says?
Only 23% of rural income comes from farming
For agricultural households, just over 43% of income comes from cultivation of crops and rearing of animals
As per NABARD, "rural " means revenue
villages and semi-urban centres with aPopulation of less than 50,000
The reference period for the survey was
2015-16
Out of 21.17cr households, 48% are agricultural.
Remaining 52% are non-agricultural
-Rural India is becoming less agricultural, both in terms of families engaged in farming and diversification of income sources
There is Compound Annual Growth Rate(CAGR) of 12% in nominal terms and 3.7% in real terms(This is roughly same as agri-GDP CAGR of 3.6% during same period)
NABARD has widened the definition of rural areas
Sources of Indian farmers' income
43% from cultivation and livestock
-Majority from wages and salaries
52% of agri households had outstanding loan and 42% of non-agri household too
Loan sources:
60% from Institutional sources
30% from Non-Institutional sources
9% from both
56% of loan were for non-agri purposes
Almost 88% of rural household had bank account
Monthly food expenditure = 51% of total expenditure
Conclusions from report
For farming household, income share from cultivation and Livestock fell from 60% in 2012-13 to 43% in 2015-16
Working as labourers appears to be best option for farmer in drought years
Shrinking average holding size(1.1Ha) is forcing farmers to work as labourers in their fields
Contrast from ;Dalwai committee report', which said 69-80% of farmers' income will accrue from farming and animal rearing by 2022-23
Doubling income by 2022-23
To make this happen, Dalwai committe report
-There should be 10.4% agri growth rate which is 2.8 time the achieved historically(3.7%)
Way forward
Govt taking steps: PMFBY, Fast track completion of 99 projects, MSP formula of A2+FL+50%, soil health cards
Drastic steps needed to realise goal by 2022