Bowel movement disorders
IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME
definition
causes
Is a disorder of motility of the entire intestinal tract that produces abdominal pain, constipation or diarhoea
Hereditary, stress, psychological factors, Emotional distress, specific food intolerance, a diet that is high in fat
pathophysiology
Irritable bowel syndrome is thought to result from disturbances in the nervous systems control of the intestines causing visceral hypertensivity and abdominal bowel motility. The change in bowel motility may also occur due to infection or irritation, or a vascular disturbances. The disturbance of the peristaltic movement occur at the certain segments of the intestines and varies in the intensity with which it propels the faecal matter forward.
subjective data
Bloated feeling, an alteration in bowel patterns, abdominal pains, nausea
objective data
Blood test, stool examination, barium enema, manomentry and electromyography
nursing Manangement
Relieve abdominal pain, control diarhoea or constipation, relieve stress
Essential health information
Diet, Stress reduction
medical manangement
Anticholinergic agents, hydrophilic colloid, Laperamide, Antidepressants
BOWEL OBTRUCTION
definition:
Is a blockage of the intestines evidenced by partial or complete impairment to the forward flow of intestine contents.
causes
blockage of the lumen
Pathophysiology
When there is an obstruction, an imbalance between secretion and absorption develops. Intestinal fluids content and gas accumulates above the obstruction. This cause abdominal distention which result in the reduction in fluids absorbed and increase intestinal secretions. . A production of the intestinal secretion increases the pressure in the lumen of the bowel also increases
Assesment and common finding
subjective data
Objective
nursing manangement
management
medical
return to normal bowel obtruction
minimise pain
relieve the obstruction
sigmoidoscopy
surgical
colectomy
colostomy
nursing
monitor pain level
ileostomy
administer analgesic
relieve nausea
provide comfort
monitor temperature
risk factors
age
increase peristalisis
tumour
neuromuscular diseases
gender
stress
large meals
digestive problems e .g diarrhoe
abdominal x- ray
elevate white blood count
stools should be checked
sigmoidoscopy
coloscopy
abdominal pains
nausea
inability to fatt wind
vomiting
symptoms
vomiting
administer analgesia
change posistions
monitor intake and output
provide mouth care
nausea
abdominal pains
risk factors
pelvic surgery
radiation therapy
medical history
inflammatory bowel disease
history of malignancy