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SAARC (Indian Efforts - (India needs to take lead role and apply Gujral…
SAARC
Indian Efforts -
India proposed a Motor Vehicle Agreement but Pakistan vetoed it. Thus, India went ahead with BBIN-MVA
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Better border management like more number of ICPs, check human trafficking, hawala etc.
Promote intra-regional trade and equitable development of the countries to reduce the significance of push and pull factors
Conclusion - As suggested by Amitav Acharya in Asia is not one - the region as whole needs to come together to resolve this Achilles heel of South Asia.
In 2014, India proposed a SAARC Development Bank, on lines of BRICS NDB, to fund infra projects
ISSES IN SAARC
SAARC and Human Rights
A Social Charter was adopted in 2004 which echoes a broader commitment to advance the socio-economic conditions of the population in the region.
However, there is absence of common HR mechanism for South Asia which needs to be developed.
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During Nepal earthquake, all SAARC members responded individually. SAARC as an organisation was absent.
Due to the absence of natural borders between the countries of South Asia, there has always been large scale illegal immigration which has taken a toll on the overall regional integration. The prominent source regions are Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar and Pakistan and main destination is India. The push factors include poverty and marginalised conditions the pull factors are better life opportunities. Its impact on regional integration is as follows -
IMMIGRATION INTO INDIA
It promotes insurgency, terror attacks, smuggling, organised crimes, money laundering in the region
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Use SAARC to address mutual concerns of poverty, disaster risk reduction, unemployment which are often the causes of migration
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Views of Experts -
Arvind Subramanian (Chief Economic Advisor) - Regional economic integration in South Asia is not the first priority of India. India's economic fortunes are tied to the rest of the world. Geopolitical considerations make South Asia important for India.
G Parthasarathy - New Delhi should recognize that the only realistic route to economic integration in its neighbourhood lies primarily on the east, along and across the BoB. Connectivity with East should be enhanced in such a manner that Pakistan ceases to matter. In Arabian Sea, India should promote cooperation with Maldives, Seychelles and Mauritius. India can pay lip service to SAARC but it has to build new structures to meet the challenges posed by China's BRI.
Prof Happymon Jacob - For completing development projects in foreign countries, India should move from unilateral approach to a multilateral approach. For e.g. Chabahar port project is hanging fire since last 13 years. Partnering with Japan or European countries to co-develop the port would save us some money, enable us to complete the project in time and ensure more security and acceptability to the project.
Prof Anuradha Chenoy - A country becomes greater power if it take its region along with it. If South Asia as a region is trouble and distress free, then India would be more powerful. Thus, South Asia's importance cannot be exaggerated for India.
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