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TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES translation (Translation procedures (Transposition…
TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES 
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Translation procedures
One to one translation
When the words in both languages have translation, but the meaning in each language may differ.
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Transposition
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Recasting
To modify the order of the units in a ST in order to conform to the
syntactic or idiomatic constraints of the Target Text.
Modulation
Clarification made with respect to the original formulation through the variation of a point of view.
Transference
Does not have a lexicalized correspondence, or for stylistic or rhetorical reasons.
Equivalence
When a declaration is substituted in the target language, by a declaration of the language of origin, taking into account the same situation although there is no semantic or formal correspondence
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Adaptation
When a communicative situation is complex, or does not exist in the target language, therefore another equivalent situation must be created
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Functional equivalent
To generalize a word of a culture, using a free culture word.
Synonymy
When a literal translation is not possible, or the word is not important in a context, then it is replaced by a similar word.
Compensation
When the meaning of an element of the sentence is lost, it is compensated by another part of the text.
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Descriptive equivalent
To neutralize or generalize a word specific to a culture, in a descriptive way.
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