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PERSONAL LEARNING ECOSYSTEM - A collaborative project between Grade 7…

- - - - focus on the felt concerns and interests of the students intertwining with the intellect. It is believed that the overall mood and feeling of the students can either hinder or foster the process of learning
    - - both feelings and knowledge are important to the learning process
    - - emphasis on students' choice and control over the course of their education. Students are encouraged to make choices that range from day-to-day activities to periodically setting future life goals
    - - grades are irrelevant and that only self-evaluation is meaningful. Grading encourages students to work for a grade and not for intrinsic satisfaction
    - - The tutor or lecturer tends to be more supportive than critical, more understanding than judgmental, more genuine than playing a role
  - - - human actions are directed toward goal attainment
      - Divided into 5 levels (4 low-level needs and and a growth need)
        
        Belongingness – includes love, friendship, intimacy, family, etc.
        
        Safety – includes security of environment, employment, resources, health, property, etc.
        
        Esteem – includes confidence, self-esteem, achievement, respect, etc
        
        Physiological – includes air, food, water, sex, sleep, other factors towards homeostasis, etc.
        
        Self-actualization – includes morality, creativity, problem solving
      - a motivational theory in psychology that argues that while people aim to meet basic needs, they seek to meet successively higher needs in the form of a pyramid
    - - Based on five assumptions of adult learning
        
        Self-Concept
        
        Past Learning Experience
        
        Readiness to Learn
        
        Practical Reasons to Learn
        
        Driven by Internal Motivation
      - Also known as adult learning theory
      - a theory of adult learning that details some of the ways in which adults learn differently than children
    - - grounded in two theoretical foundations
        
        Self-Concept Theory (“maintains that behavior is mediated by the ways an individual views oneself, and that these views serve as both antecedent and consequence of human activity
        
        The Perceptual Tradition (“human behavior is the product of the unique ways that individuals view the world
      - Four assumptions
        
        respect (of other people since they are able, valuable, and responsible)
        
        optimism (since people possess practically unlimited potential in all areas of human endeavor)
        
        trust (that one will find his own best way of accomplishing things)
        
        intentionality (to act intentionally in order to offer something beneficial to others)
      - This human potential should be developed through the educational process, which is characterized by the so-called five P-s
        
        Places (school environment)
        
        Policies (rules and procedures)
        
        People (teachers)
        
        Programmes (curriculum and students)
        
        Processes (how the other 4 Ps are conducted
    - - A four-stage cyclical theory of learning, Kolb’s experiential learning theory is a holistic perspective that combines experience, perception, cognition, and behavior.
      - Key principles
        
        Abstract Conceptualization (reflection gives rise to a new idea, or a modification of an existing abstract concept)
        
        Reflective Observation of the new experience. (of particular importance are any inconsistencies between experience and understanding).
        
        Concrete Experience - (a new experience or situation is encountered, or a reinterpretation of existing experience).
        
        Active Experimentation (the learner applies them to the world around them to see what results)
      - learning is the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience
    - - there are four steps for promoting and sustaining motivation in the learning process: : : :red_flag:
        
        Relevance
        
        Confidence
        
        Attention
        
        Satisfaction
    - - takes place in computer gaming software when it provides players with choice around three key categories
        
        Fantasy
        
        Curiosity
        
        Challenge
      - When a computer game is designed based on this framework, players are more motivated to play and learn
- - - - formal operational stage.
        
        Formal operations
  - - - Conceptual Elaboration Sequence
      - Theoretical Elaboration Sequence
      - Simplifying Conditions Sequence