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Loftus and Palmer - evaluation (Sampling bias (All students - same…
Loftus and Palmer - evaluation
Research method
Lab experiment
IV - wording of critical question
DV - estimated speed/seen broken glass
Sampling bias
All students - same occupation not representative
Same age so not representative
Might have better memory as since they're students they are used to taking in information and being tested on it
May not have driven a car so speed estimates less accurate so don't represent the population very well
Data (quantitative)
Easy to analyse the relationship between the verb used and the estimated speed of the vehicles
It is easier to draw concusions about the speed and the verb's effect
Doesn't have much detail so we don't know why they chose that speed
Ethnocentrism
Done in America
Individualistic as done in Western culture
Is ethnocentric as in Western culture and so cannot assume other cultures would produce the same results
Reliability
Good reliability as if they repeated the experiment they should get the same or similar results
Quantitative data so objective and no interpretation required
Highly standardised e.g. length of films specified so procedure is replicable
Validity
High internal validity as standardised lab experiment so extraneous variables eliminated meaning it's very controlled
May get demand characteristics as people know what to look for although filler questions should reduce the risk
Low ecological validity because they're watching it on a screen not actually witnessing it which doesn't have the same emotional factors which may make it more/less memorable
Ethics
Deception - didn't know specifically what the study was about
Protection - may have been traumatised by watching the car crashes
Informed consent - participants who have been in a crash may have felt obliged to participate even if their experience meant they didn't want to
Practical applications
Important in helping authorities understand how to question witnesses about important events like accidents and crime
Use of leading questions by police after an event and later in court is now tightly controlled