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Progressive Movement and Change (Political (Democracy (The emerging middle…
Progressive Movement and Change
Economic
Trade Unions
As the conditions of the economy improved in 1850s and 1860s during the industrial revolution the movement of the trade unions established a strong foundation with workers finally getting a reasonable amount of wage. In 1868 the British government supported these Unions forming the Trade Union Congress that further made Trade Unions an influence to reform.
Capitalism
Socialism
Political
Democracy
The emerging middle class started to demand greater political power to match their new-found wealth and elevated status in society. Over time, voting rights were further extended through three reform acts:
In 1832 any man owning a household worth £10 or more was allowed to vote, which meant that approximately one in five men had the right to vote.
In 1867 many working men were allowed to vote, which doubled the number of people voting in England and Wales to almost two million.
Between 1884 and 1885 the vote was given to most agricultural labourers, further increasing the number of people allowed to vote. By this point, many considered voting as a right, rather than a privilege.
In 1918 all men over 21 and women over 30 were granted voting rights.
Libralism
The consequences of embracing a liberal economic values:
-gap between the rich and poor became wider
-increase in the cost of living
-abuse of workers in factories
-pollution in the cities from factories
-child labor
-factory workers working long difficult hours without food or rest
-factories were unhygienic and carried diseases
-no rights
Chartism
The working class had high hopes for the Reform Act in 1832 and the People’s Charter which would increase the influence the workers had in Parliament and political affairs, however the poor ultimately remained voiceless and they felt betrayed. As a result, it lead to Chartists to use force to get Parliament to accept the Charter, Chartists joined Trade Unions in an attempt to persuade the Parliament and made violent protests like riots.
Republicanism
Communism
Social
Feminism
The move for women to have the vote had really started in 1897 when Millicent Fawcett founded theNational Union of Women’s Suffrage. “Suffrage” means the right to vote and that is what women wanted – hence its inclusion in Fawcett’s title.
Nationalism
Environmentalism
At the time the environment was rarely taken into consideration
Egalitarianism