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Regions of the Anterior neck (Submandibular region (Content…
Regions of the Anterior neck
Suprahyoid region
Anterior belly of digatric
Origin
: Anterior border of mandible at the digastric fossa
Insertion:
Intermuscular tendon to the posterior belly of digastric
Innervation
: Mylohyoid nerve form inferior alveolar branch of mandibular division of CN V
Action
: Depression and retraction of mandible
Geniohyoid
Origin
: Inferior mental spine of mandible
Insertion
: Body of the hyoid bone
Innervation:
C1-Hypoglossal nerve (CN-XII)
Action:
Elevation and protrusion of hyoid bone. Depression of mandible
Mylohyoid
Origin
: Mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion: Superior body of hyoid
Innervation:
Mylohyoid nerve form inferior alveolar branch of mandibular division of CN V
Action
: Elevation of hyoid, floor of the mouth and tongue
Sub-lingual gland
Regions:
Base
Hyoid bone and anterior belly of digastic
Inferior
Skin and cervical fasica
Superior
Mylohyoid mms
Infrahyoid region
Thyroid and parathyroid glands
Sternohyoid
Origin:
Medial clavicle and manubrium of sternum
Insertion:
Body of hyoid bone
Innervation:
Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3 nerve roots)
Action
: Depression of hyoid bone. Assists in deperssion of lower jaw
Sternothyroid
Origin:
: Posterior aspect of manubrium of sternum
Insertion:
: Thyroid cartilage at oblique line
Innervation:
Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3 nerve roots)
Action:
Depression of hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
Omohyoid
Origin:
Inferior belly attaches to the suprascapular notch of scapula. Superior belly attaches to the Intermuscular tendon
Insertion:
Inferior aspect attaches to Intermuscular tendon at clavicle. Superior aspect attaches to the body of hyoid bone.
Innervation:
Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3 nerve roots)
Action
: Depression and stabalization of hyoid bone
Thyrohyoid
Origin:
Thyroid cartilage at oblique line
Insertion
: Inferior body and greater horn of hyoid bone
Innervation:
Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3 nerve roots)
Action:
Depression of hyoid bone. Elevation of thyroid cartilage
Sternoclediomastoid
Origin:
Sternal: Anterior aspect of manubrium. Clavicle: superior aspect of medial clavicle
Insertion:
Mastoid process of temporal bone
Innervation
: Spinal accessory nerve (CN-XI)
Action
: Unilateral: tilt head to ipsilateral contraction. Contralateral rotation and extension of head.
Bilateral: Extension and protrusion of head. Flexion of cervical spine and elevation of sternum.
Submandibular region
Content (Neruovascular)
Submandibular salivary gland
Hypoglossal nerve
mms of tongue
Mylohyoid nerve
Mylohoid mms and Anterior digastric
Lingual nerve
General sensation to tongue
Lingual artery and vein
Facial artery and vein
Anterior belly of digastric
Origin:
Digastric fossa of mandible
Insertion:
Intermuscular tendon to posterior digastric
Innervation:
Mylohyoid nerve from inferior alveolar nerve of mandibular division. of CN V
Action:
Depression and retraction of mandible. Elevation and stabalization of hyoid bone
Boundaries
Anterior
Anterior digastric
Posterior
Posterior digastric and stylohyoid
Superior
Inferior body of mandible
Medial
Hypoglossus, middle pharyngeal constrictor, mylohyoid
Hypoglossus
Origin:
Superior surface of the body and greater horn of the hyoid bone.
Insertion:
Inferior surface of the side of the tongue
Innervation
: Hypoglossal nerve (CN-XII)
Action:
Depression and retraction of the tongue
Mylohyoid
Origin:
Mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion:
Superior body of hyoid bone
Innervation:
Mylohyoid nerve from the interior alveolar branch of mandibular division of CN V
Action:
Elevation of the hyoid bone, floor of tongue and mouth
Stylohyoid
Origin:
Styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion:
Superior surface of the body of hyoid bone
Innervation:
Cervical branch of Facial nerve (CN-VII)
Action:
Retraction and elevation of hyoid bone
Middle pharyngeal constrictor
Origin:
Greater and lesser horns of hyoid bone
Insertion
: Median Pharyngeal raphe with opposite middle constrictor mms.
Innervation:
Vagus nerve (CN-V)
Action:
Constricts lower pharynx during swallowing
Posterior belly of digastric
Origin:
Mastoid notch medial to mastoid process
Insertion
: Intermuscular tendon to anterior digastric
Innervation:
Posterior auricular branch of facial nerve (CN-VII)
Action:
Depression and retraction of mandible
Carotid region (Triangle)
Boundaries
Superior
Posterior digastric
Inferior
Superior belly of omohyoid
Posterior
Sternoclediomastoid
Content (Neurovascular)
Arteries: Common carotid
External carotid
Internal carotid
Veins
Internal jugular vein
Retromandibular vein
Nerves
Ansa Cervicalis
Vagus nerve