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Gastro (Crohn's (Transmural granulomatous inflammation - affecting any…
Gastro
Crohn's
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Colonoscopy (macroscopic) - cobble stoning (get skip lesions), figures, wall thickening and fibrofatty proliferation, 'rose thorn' ulcers +/-strictures
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Severe Attack - NBM, IV hydration, hydrocortisone, metronidazole if infection --> If don't improve by 5 days prednisolone
Biopsy (microscopic) - Can be transmural, get non-caveating granulomas, increased/normal goblet cells and no crypt abscesses
Haemarroids
Disrupted/displaced and dilated anal cushions (blood vessels, elastic tissue and smooth muscle)
Get bright red anal bleeding, coating stools, or dripping into the pan
Management 1) Fluids and fibre diet +/- topical analgesics and stool softener; 2) Rubber band ligation
Bowel Obstruction
Small Bowel
Causes: Hernias, adhesions, Crohn's, cancer
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Large Bowel
Causes: Coleorectal neoplasia, volvulus, benign stricture
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Carcinoma of the stomach
Sx: Dyspepsia (>1 month + >50yrs), vomiting, wt loss etc; Histology - signet ring cells
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Pseudomembranous colitis
Caused by: Clindamycin, cephalosporins, clark, cipro, cefaclor
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