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Chemistry : pg 51 - 59 (ph value (using the PH scale (ranges from 0 - 14,…
Chemistry : pg 51 - 59
properties of acids
- acids look like water
- recognise an acid by chemical reactions
- dilute acids + magnesium (most other metals but not gold and copper) = hydrogen
- dilute acids + marble chips (calcium carbonate) = carbon dioxide
- acids turn blue litmus red
lime + water = lime water
laboratory acids - Hydrochloric acid , Sulphuric acid and Nitric acid
bases
- blue litmus = acid-base indicator
- bases = soluble (alkalis)
- litmus turns blue = base
- lime - common base
alkali
Caustic soda
- used in oven cleaners
- used to clearing blocked drains
- used with care - corrosive
Ammonia solution
- used in cleaning houses
- sharp jarring odour due to ammonia gas
Indicators
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Indicators
- litmus paper
- colour - changing "mood" lipstick
- lichen (natural - plants- grows on bank of trees)
- boiled water with a peral of red flowers
- Bromothymol blue
- phenolphthalein
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ph value
universal indicator - mixture of several different indicators which have two or more colour - can be many different colours
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measuring the PH scale
drop a few drops of universal indicator in solution and note colour and compare with PH value chart and note the PH scale
PH paper , electronic PH meter
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