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Botany Summer 2018 (Energy Metabolism: Respiration (Types of Respiration,…
Botany Summer 2018
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Transport Process
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Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport
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Membrane "Add ons"
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Aquaporins: water channels
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Genetics
Science of Inheritance
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Allele: Arise by mutations, New sequence
Sexual: Combo of Alleles, Make species better adapted
Replication of DNA
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replicated during S phase, doubles amount of DNA
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Mutations
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Effects of Mutations
If occurs in spacer DNA, Can have no effect
Somatic Mutations
Mutations in cells that don't lead to sex cells, will never be passed to offspring
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DNA repair process
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If no mutations ever arisen, all people would be the same
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Non Vascular Plants: Mosses, Liverworts, and Hornworts
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Mosses
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Hydroids
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elongated, lose cytoplasm when mature
If none present, water is moved by capillary action
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protonemata
help with development, small chloroplast found in each cell
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Liverworts
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Have air-pores, cannot be closed
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Hornworts
Small plants, grow mainly on soil
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sporophyte generation
cells grow upward, differentiate, and die
spores are green, golden yellow, brown or black
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Flowers and Reproduction
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Flower Structure
Complete Flower
has 4 appendages
Petals
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distinct shape, size and color
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Stamen
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Male part, produced pollen
Sepals
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modified leaves, surround and enclose plant
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Pollination
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Animal Pollination
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important factors
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inflorescent
flowers closely grouped, visual signal for pollinators
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