Course Mind Map
Basic types of cells and tissues
Photosynthesis
process that changes light energy to chemical energy
photosystem II
P700 absorbs red light
photosystem I
photosystem I & II work together to transfer electrons from water to NADPH
Light dependent reaction
electromagnetic radiation spectrum
thylakoid reactions
ATP and NADPH are produced
Z-scheme
parenchyma
alive at maturity
primarily walls are thin
many functions
parenchyma tissue= mass of parenchyma cells
sclerenchyma
involved in water transport
provides elastic support
mostly dead at maturity
fibers
sclereids
collenchyma
uneven cell walls
alive at maturity
provides plastic support
vascular tissue
xylem
conducts water and minerals
phloem
distributes sugars and minerals
vascular bundles
xylem and phloem occur together
Structure of Woody Plants
Vascular cambium
secondary phloem
secondary xylem
meristem which produces secondary plant body
two types of cells
fusiform initials
ray initials
short, less cuboidal cells
long tapered cells
has axial and radial system
axial
radial
responsible for horizontal conducton
responsible for vertical conduction
growth rings
anual rings
tells age of tree
1 ring= 1 year
growth ring
Population genetics
deals with the abundance of different alleles in a population
factors that cause genes to change
mutation
change in alleles
natural selection
survival of the fittest
certain traits allow organisms to survive and pass on genes
artificial selection
selectively breeding organisms for desired traits
changes allele frequency in a population
4 examples of mutations
insertion
addition of extra DNA
deletion
loss of part of DNA
inversion
DNA is out of order
duplication
DNA is duplicated
Structure of Popuations
geographical disribution
boundaries of geographic range
ability of a species to spread throughout a geographic range
limiting factor
one factor determining the health of the plant
local geographic distribution
random distribution
used whenever there is no obvious pattern to the distribution of individuals
uniform distribution
evenly spread from neighbors
clumped distribution
spacing between organisms is mall
r- and k- selection
r- selection
k- selection
resources are plentiful for he few hat remain
fire and flood destroy many individuals in the area
distribution usually produce r conditions
population is close to its carrying capacity
conditions in crowded habitat