Movement of material in and out of cells
Active movement
Diffusion
ATP
It moves molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration, against the concentration gradient.
Carrier proteins
Larger particles
Endocytocis
The taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration as a result of random motion of the molecules or atoms
Several factors affect the rate of diffusion of a solute including the mass of the solute, the temperature of the environment, the solvent density, and the distance traveled.
Examples
You can smell perfume because it diffuses into the air and makes its way into your nose.
A teabag placed in a cup of hot water will diffuse into the water.
Placing food coloring in a liquid will diffuse the color.
Facilitated diffusion
Facilitated diffusion is the process of spontaneous passive transport of molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.
Carrier proteins
Channel proteins
Osmosis
A process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one.
Solute concentrations
Animal cells
Plant cells
Factors influencing affecting exchange of materials across membranes
Chemical
Physical