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Innervations of Head and Neck (Head and Face (Motor-purple, sensory-…
Innervations of Head and Neck
Neck
Cutaneous and Superficial Muscles of the Neck
Cervical Branch of
facial nerve (CN VII
)
Platysma
Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI, motor)
; C3 and C4 nerves (pain and proprioception)
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Muscles of Anterior Cervical Region (Extrinsic Muscles of Larynx)
Suprahyoid Muscles
Stylohyoid (preparotid) branch of
facial nerve (CN VII)
Stylohyoid
Nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of
inferior alveolar nerve
- mandibular nerve
Digastric (anterior belly)
C1 via
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Geniohyoid
Digastric (preparotid) branch of
facial nerve (CN VII)
Digastric (posterior belly)
Nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of
inferior alveolar nerve
(from mandibular nerve, CN V3)
Mylohyoid
Infrahyoid Muscles
C2 and C3 by a branch of
ansa cervicalis
Sternothyroid
C1 via
hypoglossal nerve
(CN XII)
Thyrohyoid
C1-C3 by a branch of
ansa cervicalis
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid
Prevertebral Muscles
Anterior Vertebral Muscles
Anterior Rami of C1-C3 spinal nerves
Longus Capitis
Branches from loop between C1 and C2 spinal nerves
Rectus Capitis Anterior
Anterior Rami of C2-C4 spinal nerves
Longus Colli
Cervical spinal nerves C4-C6
Anterior Scalene
Lateral Vertebral Muscles
Dorsal scapular nerve -C5 and cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4
Levator scapula
Anterior rami of cervical spine
Middle Scalene
posterior rami of middle cervical spinal nerves
splenius capitis
anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7 and C8
Posterior Scalene
Branches from loop C1 and C2 spinal nerves
rectus capitis lateralis
Muscles of Larynx
External Laryngeal Nerve (from CN X)
criothyroid
Inferior Laryngeal Nerve (terminal part of recurrent laryngeal nerve, from CN X)
lateral crico-arytenoid
transverse and oblique artenoids
posterior crio-arytenoid
vocalis
thyro-arytenoid
Muscles of the Pharynx
External Layer
A: constrict walls of pharynx during swallowing
Pharyngeal Branch of Vagus Nerve and pharyngeal plexus
middle pharyngeal constrictor
level of hyoid
inferior pharyngeal constrictor
(also innervated by branches of external and recurrent laryngeal nerves of vagus)
level of thyroid cartilage
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
level of oral cavity
Internal Layer
A: elevate (shortens and widens) pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking
glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Stylopharyngeus
Pharyngeal Branch of Vagus Nerve and pharyngeal plexus
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Head and Face (Motor-purple, sensory- green)
general sensation to face (except in mandibular division)
Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)
Maxillary Division (CN V2)
- goes through foramen rotundum
below eyes and above mouth (face, upper teeth and palate) (sensory)
Superior Alveolar Nerve
middle
anterior
posterior
Infraorbital Nerve
side of nose, lower eyelid, below eye, upper lip
Sphenopalantine Gangion/nerve
Lesser palantine nerve
soft palate
Greater palantine nerve
posterior hard palate
Nasopalatine Nerve
anterior hard palate
Zygomatic Nerve
Zygomaticotemporal nerve
skin lateral to eye
Zygomatociofacial nerve
skin over zygomatic arch
Ophthalamic Division (CN V1)
-(goes through superior orbital fissure)
Nascocilliary Nerve
Posterior Ethmoid Nerve
Infratrochlear Nerve
root of nose
Anterior Ethmoid Nerve
tip of nose
External Ethmoid Nerve
branches off both anterior and posterior ethmoid nerves
Lacrimal Nerve
lacrimal gland
Frontal Nerve
supratrochlear nerve
medial and lateral portion of the forehead and scalp
supraorbital nerve
medial and lateral portion of the forehead and scalp
Mandibular Division (CN V3)
- goes through foramen ovale
lower jaw and anterior to ear
anterior division
motor
deep temporal nerve
temporalis muscle
nerve to lateral pterygoid
lateral pterygoid
massenteric nerve
masseter muscle
nerve to medial pterygoid
medial pterygoid
tensor veli palatini
1 more item...
sensory
buccal nerve
skin of cheek
lateral jaw
posterior division
sensory /motor
lingual nerve
sensation of tongue (anterior 2/3rd of tongue)
goes through submandibular triangle
chorda tympani nerve- facial nerve
3 more items...
inferior alveolar nerve
mandible teeth
neve to mylohyoid
2 more items...
mental nerve
1 more item...
Auriculotemporal nerve
- in the parotid region
skin anterior to ear
parotid gland
lateral scalp
Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Muscles of Facial Expression- Has 5 branches: Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Marginal Mandibular, Cervical. (except levator palpebrae superioris-opens eyes; occulomotor nerve CN III)
Nose
Nasalis
compress/dilate nostrils
Procerus
medial brow down, wrinkles skin of nose
Cheek
Buccinator
moves cheek inward towards molars, blow and suck
Eye
Orbicularis occulis
full closure of eye
Corrugator Supercilii
medial eyebrow up and lateral, creates vertical wrinkle above nose( concern or worry)
Mouth
Levator Labii Superior
elevate angle of mouth
Levator Anguli Oris
raises angle of mouth. widens fissure (grinning, grimacing)
Zygomaticus minor
elevate angle of mouth
Risorius
depresses labial commissure bilaterally to frown (sadness)
Zygomaticus major
elevate angle of mouth (smile-bilateral, sneer-unilateral)
Depressor Anguli oris
depresses labial commissure bilaterally to frown (sadness)
orbicularis orbis
closes mouth, protrudes lips (kissing), resist distension when blowing
Depressor labii inferiori
s
retracts (depresses) and/or everts lower lip (pouting, sadness)
Mentalis
elevates and protrudes lower lip; elevates skin if chin (showing doubt)
Forehead
Frontalis (also called Occipitofrontalis-front belly)
elevates eyebrows, wrinkles forehead skin, protract scalp
Neck
Platysma
depresses lower lip, assists with opening of mouth
Cutaneous Nerve Dervived from
anterior rami
of cervical spinal nerves
Great Auricular Nerve
in the parotid region
Lesser Occipital Nerve
Cutaneous Nerve derived from
posterior rami
of cervical spinal nerve
Greater Occipital Nerve
Third Occipital Nerve
Extra-Occular Muscles of Orbit
Trochlear Nerve (CN IV)
Superior Oblique
Oculomotor Nerve (CN III)
Superior Branch
Levator Palpebrae
Superior Rectus
Inferior Branch
Inferior Rectus
Inferior Oblie
Abducen (CN VI)
Lateral Rectus
Palate of Mouth
Soft Palate
Muscles of Soft Palate
Pharyngeal branch
Palatopharyngeus
Palatoglossus
levator veli palantini
Musculus Uvulae
Medial Pterygoid N. (CN V3-mandibular)
tensor velli palantini
Sensory of Soft Palate-Posterior
Lesser Palatine Nerve (CN V2-maxillary)
glandular tissue and five pairs of muscles
Hard Palate
Sensory of Hard Palate- Anterior
Sphenopalantine or Nasopalatine Nerve
(CN V2- maxillary
palatine palate of maxillary bone and palatine bone
Sensory of Hard Palate- Posterior
greater palantine nerve
Tongue
Muscles of Tongue
Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)
Extrinsic Muscles of Tongue
Hyoglossus
depress
Styloglossus
retracts
Genioglossus
protrudes
Intrinsic Muscle of Tongue
Inferior Longitudinal
Transverse
Superior Longitudinal
Vertical
pharyngeal plexus of Vagus Nerve
Palatoglossus (extrinsic muscle)
elevates posterior tongue
Sensation / Taste
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
sensation and taste posterior 1/3 of tongue
Lingual Nerve-( branch of CN V3- mandibular)
Sensation- Anterior 2/3 of tongue
Vagus Nerve
internal larygneal nerve
sensation of posterior (root of tongue)
Chorda Tympani Nerve (branch of facial nerve that is sensory)
Apex of tongue- for taste