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Evolution of Nursing Theory (**Florence Nightingale (Notes on Nursing…

- - - - Interactive-Integrative Paradigm
        
        Betty Neuman
        
        Influenced by her Mother as a self taught Mid Wife
        
        Neuman Systems Model
        
        Normal Line of Defense
        
        Influenced by her father's praise of nurses
        
        The NSBM: Application to nursing education & practice
        
        Imogene King
        
        Goal Attainment Model
        
        Vision was to provide healthcare for all people
        
        Standardized Nursing Lanugage
        
        Influenced by Howland systems Model
        
        Dorothea Orem
        
        Influenced by Philosopher Aristotle
        
        Self Care Deficit Model
        
        Model used for nursing school Curriculum
        
        Frame work for research is expanding
        
        Dorothy Johnson
        
        Influenced by Florence Nightingale
        
        JBSM used for identifying, labeling, and classifying Nursing phenomena
        
        Behavioral Systems model
        
        Nursing separate from Medical Model
    - - Unitary-Trans formative Paradigm
        
        Martha Rogers
        
        Pan-dimensional Universe of Human Environmental Energy Fields
        
        Wrote An introduction to the Theoretical Basis of Nursing
        
        Theory of Science of Unitary Human Beings
        
        Influenced by Rural Public health nursing
        
        asserted that nursing diagnosis is not consistent with nursing science
        
        Margaret Newman
        
        Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness
        
        Focused on being fully present to the meaning and patterns in patient lives
        
        Influenced by treating her Mother with ALS
        
        Influenced by Ida Jean Orlando
        
        Model used to study many cultural patterns and diversity of patients
    - - Caring Paradigm
        
        Jean Watson
        
        Influenced by the Metaphysical and Spiritual evolution of thinking and the field of Psychology
        
        Theory of Human Caring
        
        Invented Trans-personal Caring Relationship
        
        Provides an Ethical,and Philosophical foundation for Nursing
        
        Madeleine Leininger
        
        Theory Of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
        
        Founded World wide field of Trans-culture Nursing
        
        Founded International Trans-culture Nursing Society
        
        Influenced by Post WWII Immigration patients
        
        Invented the Sunrise Enabler used by researchers to gather data
    - - Rozzano Locsin
        
        Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing
        
        His book Of Technology and Nursing Practice illustrates the importance of technology in nursing
        
        Theory proposes knowing the patient as a person not as an object through technology emphasizes technological knowing in nursing
        
        Provides for field research on competency in nursing and for theory related to ANCC Magnet recognition programs
        
        Influenced by new emerging technilogies in healthcare
      - Joanne Duffy
        
        Influenced by Clinical and academic ares in which she worked
        
        Quality Caring Model
        
        Developed caring assessment tool e-Cat assesses link between caring behaviors and patient out comes
        
        Consulted with ANA to develop National data base of Nursing Quality Indicators
        
        Provides concepts assumptions, and propositions that work to develop research framework
      - Marlaine Smith
        
        Theory of Unitary Caring
        
        Research related to Healing through Touch Therapies
        
        influenced by works of other theorist Rogers,Parse,Watson, and Newman and the unitary-trans formative Paradigm
        
        Co Wrote textbook Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice
        
        Theories used for research and application of palliative care
      - Katharine Kolcaba
        
        Comfort Theory
        
        Theory focused on intentional,family/patient quality care
        
        Influenced by Working on a Dementia care unit while attending Graduate school
        
        Teaches nurses how to be a nurse through comfort interventions
        
        Supports National Electronic data base with comfort interventions and outcomes