Geography Revision
The Olympics Site
England
Location
What was the Olympic site before
The London Olympics site wasn’t just built to house the Olympics for a couple of weeks, it was designed as a long term investment for the “regeneration of the east”. The major problem with London was that there wasn’t any Land or space. The Stratford area was the perfect location for the Olympics site as there was the potential for development and a local population that could benefit from more housing that was built to a better standard and more jobs for local people.
Who Would be affected by the redevelopment
It was estimated before redevelopment started that the initiative could create over 3,000 jobs and around 4,000 new homes in and around Stratford thus improving the lives of many locals. The athletes’ village was relaunched as a housing estate called the East Village. These estates were designed to be affordable for the local area with low rent prices. However The ‘affordable rents’ for the 2,800 new homes would be unaffordable to Newham’s poorest households. Even though many Jobs were created after the olympics were over During the construction of the Olympics, very few jobs were created for local people. There are still high levels of unemployment in the borough and it was a missed opportunity to train people up for work.
Why Was Stratford Chosen For The Olympics
The London Stratford area was chosen for these main reasons
A lot of abandoned old industrial sites,
Low achievement at school in terms of GCSE points score
Industrial wastelands
Higher than average unemployment than the rest of London and the UK
Higher deprivation and poverty for the people that lived there
Lower household incomes then the London average
The Land was also chosen as a long term legacy that would be left after the games where finished. For example old builds were converted into new schools and nearly all of the athletes village is now affordable housing. Adding to this, The main stadium is now occupied by West Ham Football club and still hosts many alternative sports and the other venues were opened to the public and for use of the local schools.
When Was the Olympics
In 2006 Most of land needed for games under public control and relocation sites agreed for those who have to move. The Work to underground the power lines and remove the pylons which run through the Olympic Park began and transport improvements: Greater capacity on Jubilee Line, extension of DLR to London City Airport, Stratford International Station opened, first ‘Javelin’ trains unveiled which will transport passengers from King’s Cross to Stratford in seven minutes. In 2008 Work begun on Olympic Stadium and aquatics centre and building work starts on infrastructure. In 2009 work was begun on other venues. Building of Olympic village to begin. In 2010 Work completed on infrastructure projects, including utilities and roads. In 2012 temporary facilities completed the car parks completed and bus lanes laid out and the opening ceremony was held July 27.
London as a global city
6 international airports such as Gatwick, Heathrow and Stansted serve London - Main transport system for tourists, entry and exit from the UK
529 foreign companies listed in London representing 20% of the global foreign equity listings - companies from around the world use london for their company
London is a center for tourism. In 2015 the city welcomed 17.4 million international visitors - tourism would bring in big profit from around the world. This would be from shops to restaurants to tourist attractions like London Dungeons, The London Eye and madame tussauds
The headquarters of many british and international companies are based in London - companies from around the world have their main headquarters in London
Once the largest port in the world, the port of London is today the second biggest in the UK handling 48 million tonnes of cargo each year - many countries use the port for goods import and export
HS2
Social
Some argue other rail lines such as the east to west line are in greater need of more investment.
HS2 will become a national asset and celebrated engineering achievement, much like the Olympic Park project.
More than 600 homes will be demolished and 340 homes cut off from their wider neighbourhood to make way for the train track.
Fewer people will fly from London to Manchester if HS2 can get them there quicker
HS2 will free up capacity on other commuter rail networks.
Other major european countries have lots of high speed rail links e.g. Spain, France, Germany
Economics
Environmental
HS2 would created 22,000 construction jobs over the next five years. Once the entire line is running it could create 100,000 jobs.
Companies constructing HS2 will be required by law to train engineering apprentices.
The project is expected to cost £42.6bn of taxpayers money.
HS2 when complete would reduce the amount of car and lorry journeys on the roads.
It will help bridge the North-South Divide by connecting major northern cities, creating jobs in Manchester and Leeds.
HS2 will encourage more trips to London but will not help travel between northern cities of liverpool, Newcastle and leeds. + -
The full network would concrete an area the size of Manchester. -
A £500 million tunnel would be built through the Chilterns affecting an area of natural beauty. -
Over 130 protected wildlife sites will have to be relocated to make way for the train line. -
HS2 constructors have promised to plant 2 million trees along the proposed HS2 rail line. +
Positives
Negatives
HS2 would created 22,000 construction jobs over the next five years. Once the entire line is running it could create 100,000 jobs.
HS2 when complete would reduce the amount of car and lorry journeys on the roads.
It will help bridge the North-South Divide by connecting major northern cities, creating jobs in Manchester and Leeds.
HS2 will become a national asset and celebrated engineering achievement, much like the Olympic Park project.
HS2 will free up capacity on other commuter rail networks.
The project is expected to cost £42.6bn of taxpayers money.
More than 600 homes will be demolished and 340 homes cut off from their wider neighbourhood to make way for the train track.
Some argue other rail lines such as the east to west line are in greater need of more investment.
Companies constructing HS2 will be required by law to train engineering apprentices.
Over 130 protected wildlife sites will have to be relocated to make way for the train line.
The full network would concrete an area the size of Manchester.
A £500 million tunnel would be built through the Chilterns affecting an area of natural beauty. -
Other major european countries have lots of high speed rail links e.g. Spain, France, Germany
HS2 constructors have promised to plant 2 million trees along the proposed HS2 rail line. +
Transport
problems and solutions for traffic in urban areas
Problems
Solutions
Pedestrian only area
Parking
One-way system
Pedestrian only area
Parking
One-way system
Subsidised public transport
Bypass
Traffic calming
Congestion
Pollution
Dangers to pedestrians
Accidents
Congestion zone charging
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Rio
Climate
Rio's climate is fairly hot and wet with temperature highs average 29 degrees C all year round and lows average 20 degrees C all year round. Rio gets around 95 days of rain a year which relates to 1,402mm of rain a year. Rio has fairly long days with an average of 12 hours of sunlights early as rio is located closer to the equator
Crime
Rio has a very hgh rate of crime. 2016 there were 461 victims of malicious homicide inn the state of Rio de Janeiro. An estimated 50 million residents over the age of 16 has experienced the loss of a loved one or friend due to crime. Favelas are the main problems of crime in Rio with many gangs roaming the streets and multiple cases of murders and theft
Industry
Greater Rio de Janeiro is brazil's second most important industrial area. Manufacturing sectors mainly focus on the production of of shipyard related materials such as footwear, textiles, non metallic mineral products, food and beverage, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Rio has the biggest port in Brazil and imports and exports coffee, sugar cane, petroleum, soybeans and citrus fruits are some of the main imports and exports from RIo
Rio's Favelas
Positive
There are many opportunities in favelas. People can set up their own businesses like hairdressers, Cafes bars and delivery services. An example of this would be rocky king of the stairs who delivers many items to people in the favelas. In sunday people would help out each other the best they can to improve something in the favela like painting up buildings, improving houses and fixing different parts of the favela. Some of the best primary schools in rio are located in the favela’s. With the best primary school located in the Rocinha favela. There are many other opportunities like making gardens from what was fust a hill with rubbish and landfill covering the ground or a arts center that can open up opportunities for the younger population of the favela
Negatives
Sadly however on the other hand favelas also have their fair share of problems. Their housing is poorly built and can be victims to landslides as the builds are all stacked on top of each other and built onto the mountain. There is crime and disease spread all over the favela and homes lack sanitation, running water and electricity making life in the favela very unsafe. The limited supply of electricity is hooked up illegally causing fires to break out. With know running water and the sewage running through the streets causes water borne disease like diarrhoea. With this workers are underpaid and exploited meaning that they can't afford enough money for sustainable food which leads to malnutrition.
Rocky King of The Stairs Video :