Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

CH 47 ANTIDIABETICS (Insulin side effects/adverse reactions (Hypoglycemia,…

- - - - Headache, night sweats, nightmares
- - - - Hypoglycemia
      - GI distress, weight gain
      - Nervousness, tremors, confusion
      - Blood dyscrasias, seizures, coma
  - - - Decrease hepatic production of glucose from stored glycogen
      - Diminish increase in serum glucose after meals
      - Blunt postprandial hyperglycemia
      - Decrease glucose absorption from small intestine
      - Increase insulin receptor sensitivity
      - Increase peripheral glucose uptake at the cellular level
  - - - Inhibit digestive enzyme in small intestine responsible for release of glucose from complex carbohydrates in the diet
    - - Inhibit alpha glucosides
  - - - Headache, dizziness, blurred vision
      - Fluid retention, weight gain
      - Pulmonary and peripheral edema
  - - - Stimulate beta cells to release insulin
      - Short-acting
    - - Liver dysfunction
    - - Hypoglycemia
      - Headache, back pain, diarrhea
      - Elevated hepatic enzymes
  - - - Increase the level of incretin hormones
      - Increase insulin secretion
      - Decrease glucagon secretion to reduce glucose production
    - - Adjunct treatment with exercise and diet to reduce fasting and postprandial plasma glucose
- - - - Insulin lispro, insulin aspart, insulin glulisine, oral inhalation insulin
      - Onset of action =
        Peak = 30-45min
        Duration = 3-5 hrs
    - - Regular
      - Onset of action =
        Peak =
        Duration =
    - - Insulin isophane NPH
      - Onset of action = Peak =
        Duration =
    - - Insulin glargine
      - Onset of action =
        Peak =
        Duration =
    - - Composed of short- and intermediate-acting or rapid- and intermediate-acting
        
        EX: NPH 70/regular 30
        
        EX: NPH 50/regular 50
- - - - Enhance insulin secretion
      - Increase beta-cell responsiveness
      - Suppress glucagon secretion
      - Slow gastric emptying
      - Reduce food intake
    - - Headache, dizziness, jitteriness
      - GI distress
  - - - Suppress glucagon secretion
      - Slow gastric emptying
      - Modulate appetite by inducing satiety