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FORAGING BEHAVIOR (3 parts of optmality model (1.Decisions/ strategies (An…
FORAGING BEHAVIOR
3 parts of optmality model
1.Decisions/ strategies
An animal perform an action out of variety that are available (may not be consciously aware)
Currency
the rate of energy intake, time spent foraging
Constraints/limit
internal (nutritional needs, ability to see) & external (other organisms, physico-chemical factors that allow for effective foraging)
2 types model
Diet selection/prey models
Type of prey to be eaten
Profitability (P)=Energy (E)/ handling time (h)
As prey density increase, search time decrease
Gain from eating Prey 2 = E2/h2
Gain from searching & eating Prey 1 = E1/ (S1+h1)
3 assumptions
The decision to eat Prey 2 should be based on search time of Prey 1. If Prey 1 is abundant then S1 will be low so the inequality shifts to right (E2/h2>E1/(S1+h1))
The search time for Prey 2 should not be important. Prey 2 could be everywhere around & predator will still ignore them as long as the inequality is to the right side
The forager should instantly switch back to eating both kinds of prey to eating only higher quality prey. Zero-one rule (eat less profitable prey either none of the time (probability 0)/ all the time (probability 1)
Patch models
How long a forager should stay in a patch containing food
Factor effect the decision
Richness of the patch
if resource is in short supply, search for every last bit. If other patch have more resource more to patch
Distance btwn patch
near patches as compare to far patch