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Eysenck's (1977) theory of personality and crime (Key Terms (High N…
Eysenck's (1977) theory of personality and crime
Facts
Eysenck's Theory combines Biological and Social factors
He argues that personality is determined by Biological constitution and genes and that these genetic factors are influenced by social and environmental factors
Key Terms
Typical Extrovert
Sociable/Upbeat/Confident/Outgoing
Typical Introvert
Shy/Quiet
High N Scorer
Anxious/Angry/Lonely/Depressed
Neuroticism = unstable
Low N Scorer
Calm/Relaxed/Chilled
Typical P Scorer
High Maintenance/Unkind/Aggressive/Inhumane
SUPPORTING STUDIES
Eysenk's EPI (1977)
P
Eysenk's EPI (1977)
E
Criminals scored higher on E, N and P on the EPQ than non-crinimals
E
Supports for these personality traits explaining criminal behaviour = Credibility
Rushton et al (1981)
E
Looked at Delinquent behaviour and found a relationship between Delinquency and E & P = not N
E
Supports for these personality traits explaining criminal behaviour = Credibility
P
Rushton et al (1981)
COMPLIMENTS AND CRITICISMS
E
Often Correlational, uses secondary data = hospital records
E
Unsure of how this data was gathered = no Cause and Effect relationship = limited representativeness = reduces scientific status
P
Problems with research
OPPOSING RESEARCH
E
Study did not find support for Neuroticism = only E & P
E
Incomplete as an explanation of crime = clear differences between 3 personality traits = reductionist
P
Rushton et al (1981)
DIFFERENT THEORIES
APPLICATIONS
E
Identify underlying tendencies of specific personality traits in childhood, as quickly as possible
E
If they start to show criminal /anti-social behaviour = punish so no repeating --> useful to society in reducing crime
P
:check: Applications
+
E
Standardised Procedure e.g same questions/scale
E
High in Reliability = can be replicated for consistency = credible
P
Credibility = most researchers use Questionnaires
E
Looks at biological/social and environmental aspects
E
P
One of the most comprehensive theories of crime = bio + environment