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Muscular System Yaritza Perez P.5 (body movement (muscle contracts (it…
Muscular System Yaritza Perez P.5
Major functions
Motion/ Movement =change of position
Posture= maintain body position
Thermogesis= heat production
Muscles
Anterior
temporalis (temples)
frontalis (frontal
orbicularis aculi (under eye)
zygomaticus (cheekbone)
masseter ( cheeks)
orbicularisoris(mouth)
sternocleidomastoid ( outer neck)
pectoralis ( upper chest)
biceps brachii
rectus abdominis
transverse abdominis
external oblique
brachioradialus
carpi radialus
adductor group
gracilis
sartorius
rectus femoris (fermorals)
vastus literalis
vastus medialis
tibialis anterior
fibularis longuis
Posterior
sternocleidomastoid
teporalis (temples)
trapezius
deltoid
triceps brachii
latissimus
external abdominal oblique
internal abdominal oblique
gluteus maximus
adductor magnus
biceps magnus
semiterdriosis
gastrochemius
soleus
3 muscle tissues
skeletal muscle= voluntary
cylindrical, multi nucleate,long
cardiac muscles= involuntary
single central nucleus, braced,long, cylindrical
smooth muscle= involuntary
no striation, single central nucleus,spindle shaped
body movement
muscle contracts
it pulls the insertion bone closer to the orgin bone
flexion
decreases the angle between 2 bones
extension
increases the angle between 2 bones
dorsiflexon- flexion of ankle brings foot closer to shin
plantar flexion-farther away from shin
hyperextension- extend beyond anatomical positon
adbuction- moving a part away from the midline
rotation- moving a part around its axis
lateral flexion- bending head, neck or trunk to the side
circuumducton- end of part follows a curcular path
structure and organizational levels
hierachy of muscle structure
1.muscle
fascicles
muscles fibers
4.myofibrils
5.filaments
sliding filament theory
the influx of calcium, triggering the exposure of binding sites on actin
the binding of myosin on actin
the power stroke of the cross bridge that causes the sliding of the thin filament
the binding of ATP to the cross bridge which results in the cross bridge disconnecting from actin
the transport of calcium ions into the sacoplasmicreticulum
the hydrolysis of ATP, which leads to the re-energizing and repositioning of the cross bridge