Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Fungal Disease - CNS Micro Exam 5 (Branching Hyphae (septate) :sunflower…
Fungal Disease - CNS
Micro Exam 5
Encapsulated Yeast w/ Polysaccharide capsule (Halo on India Ink)
:sunflower: From SOIL
VIRULENCE:
Encapsulated
= avoid phagocytosis (T cells can't signal)
Melanin (cell wall) antioxidant
Mannitol blocks PMN killing
Hematogenous &
Lymphatic Spread
Lungs
(uni or bilateral, NO cavitation)
CNS (cerebromeningeal disease, dementia, focal neurological deficits)
:baby_bottle: Hydrocephaly
CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS
Amphotericin B w/ Fluconazole
effective treatment for immunocompetent people
(Must treat or FATAL)
Diagnostic
:
India
Ink
Sabouraud
agar culture
Latex
Agglutination detection of capsular antigen (CSF)
Germ Tubes
(invasive, main ID stage
Morphology:
Budding yeast
Germ tubes
Pseudohyphae
True hyphae
Germ tubes invade tissue
NOSOCOMIAL infections (catheter biofilm / antibiotic overuse/misuse)
Meningitis
Parenchymal brain tissue :arrow_right: many microabscesses, extensive brain necrosis
:baby_bottle: Hydrocephaly
50% Mortality in CNS disease
CANDIDA
Disseminated Candidiasis:
Amphotericin B or fluconazole
, or in combination
(
4–6
wk duration)
Branching Hyphae (septate)
:sunflower: From SOIL
Spores
Enters via:
Lungs
Grows in ears
Surgical
wounds
ASPERGILLOSIS
Risk Factors:
Immunosuppressed
RF for Disseminated Disease:
Neutropenia
Chemotherapy
Corticosteroids
Invasive Disease
Amphotericin B, itraconazole, or voriconazole
(minimal tx in immunosuppressed)
Enters via
nasal mucosa
Brain
MURCOR & RHIZOPUS
(Murcormycosis)
Risk Factors:
Immunosuppressed
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Enters via
blood vessels
Thrombose in cerebral vessels
Cerebral infarct
Rupture
Hemorrhage
MURCOR & RHIZOPUS
(Murcormycosis)
Risk Factors:
Immunosuppressed
Diabetic Ketoacidosis