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Life of the Buddha + Intellectual Context (RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES (Sramana…
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Harvey - Hindu Dharma = Divinely ordained order of universe and specific duties of each caste (how things are and how they should be) VS Buddhist Dharma = Nature and understanding of reality to help a person live a happier life that is closer to liberation (Same Dharma for all vs different between Caste)
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Harvey - Buddha says Jain concept on Karma is too mechanical and inflexible whilst Asceticism is too extreme (Vardhamana Method of starvation)
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BUDDHA BELIEF - Ehipassiko (S), Nirvana (instead of Moksha - No unity with Brahman => Man makes his own destiny, not a god), Anatta (M), Devas = Higher level beings not supreme Deities, Rebirth and passing on of Karmic Energy (J)
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Gombrich - Buddha refines concept of Karma to include thoughts and all actions of a person, more refined and precise
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Cush - Siddhartha naturally recognises suffering over beauty - Agriculture festival, notices hardness of peasant's lives vs beauty of the countryside
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Williams - 'Siddhartha has been brought up to radically perceive things... story portrays the situation that all unenlightened people are in'
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2) Mara summons 10 Squadrons which are defeated by Buddha's 10 Paramis 3) Creatures fire arrows at Gautama but these turn into flowers before they hit Buddha 4) Mara sends daughters Arati, Raga and Tanha to seduce Buddha - Buddha doesn't move. 5) Mara taunts Buddha saying that he has no one to bear witness for him. Mara tries to use all his good karma to move Buddha - doesn't work. Buddha touches earth Bhumisparsha mudra - Earth Goddess appears, bears witness to Buddha and Mara's army flees.
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Gombrich - First Sangha contained a mix of all Castes - Buddha addressed people as individuals with responsibility over their own spiritual destiny rather than members of the Varna
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Harvey - Buddha adapts to audience. Helps them move towards understanding his views whilst adapting old terns to give a new meaning to these known words in his own viewpoint (Arhat = True Brahmin)
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Buddha approached different beliefs with an open mind - Kalarma Sutra - Buddha told people to accept teachings that encouraged good deeds and reject those that harmed others
Buddha believed in Ehipassiko - Blind faith = negative so people should try and test everything. A follower should not just grasp the Buddha's teachings but only use them if they are useful to them and for their intended use.
Mahaparinibbana Sutta - Buddha is killed by poisoned meal from his cousin Devadatta. Buddha forgives him and passed through the 4 Jhanas again between 2 sal trees, dying and achieving Paranirvana. His body was cremated, divided up and placed in 84 stupas around India
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